|
|
|
| Key Enzymes in Soybean Isoflavones Biosynthesis and Its Metabolic Engineering |
| CHEN Xuan-qin, ZHANG Le, XU Hui-ni, CHEN Li-mei, LI Kun-zhi |
| Biotechnology Research Center, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China |
|
|
|
Abstract Isoflavones were one class of secondary metabolites with C-6/C-3/C-6 skeleton, which possessed anti-oxidant and anti-tumor activities. Isoflavones and flavonoids had similar phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway. The majority of natural isoflavones occurred in leguminous plants. At present, more than 12 isoflavones were identified in soybean. The biosynthesis of soybean isoflvones mainly involved three key enzymes, which are CHS (chalcone synthase), CHI (chalcone isomerase), and IFS (isoflavone synthase). summarized The extraction and isolation methods and biosynthesis pathway of soybean isoflavones were summarized, and emphatically reviewed the biological characteristic and functions of CHI, CHS, and IFS as well as isoflovnes metabolic engineering were emphatically reviewed.
|
|
Received: 02 December 2011
Published: 25 July 2012
|
|
|
|
|
[1] Xu B, Chang, S K C. Characterization of phenolic substances and antioxidant properties of food soybeans grown in North Dakota-Minnesota Region. J Agric Food Chem, 2008, 56: 9102-9113.
[2] Peterson A, Schnell J D, Kubas K L, et a1. Effects of soy isoflavone consumption on bone structure and milk mineral concentration in a rat model of lactation associated bone loss. Eur J Nutr, 2009, 48: 84-91.
[3] Li S H, Liu X X, Bai Y Y, et a1. Effect of oral isoflavone supplementation on vascular endothelial function in postmenopausal women: a meta analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Am J Clin Nutr, 2010, 91: 480-486.
[4] Ward H A, Kuhnle G G, Mulligan A A, et a1. Breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into cancer and nutrition-norfolk in relation to phytoestregen intake derived from an improved database. Am J Clin Nutr, 2010, 91: 440-448.
[5] Xu W H, Zhang W, Xiang Y B, et a1. Soya food intake and risk of endometrial cancer among Chinese women in Shanghai: population based case-control study. B M J, 2004, 328: 1285-l289.
[6] Rochfort S, Panozzo J. Phytochemicals for health, the role of pulses. J Agric Food Chem, 2007, 55: 7381-7994.
[7] De RE, Aardenburg L, Van D J, et al. Changed isoflavone levels in red clover (Trifolium pratense L) leaves with disturbed root nodulation in response to waterlogging. J Chem Ecol, 2005, 31:1285-1298.
[8] 张博坤, 王文广, 殷广明, 等. 大豆异黄酮提取新工艺的研究,大豆科技,2009, 4: 61-64. Zhang B K, Wang W G, Yin G M, et al. Extraction process of soybean isoflavone. Soybean Science & Technology, 2009, 4: 61-64.
[9] Dhaubhadel S. Regulation of isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean seeds. Soybean -Biochemistry, Chemistry and Physiology, 2011, 15, 243-258.
[10] Du H, Huang Y B, Tan Y X. Genetic and metabolic engineering of isoflavonoid biosynthesis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 2010, 86: 1293-1312.
[11] Tuteja J H, Clough S J, Chan W C, et al. Tissue-specific gene silencing mediated by a naturally occurring chalcone synthase gene cluster in Glycine max. Plant Cell, 2004, 16: 819-835.
[12] Luczkiewicz M, Glod D. Callus culture of Genista plants in vitro material producing high amounts of isoflavones of phytoestrogenic activity. Plant Sci, 2003, 165: 1101-1108.
[13] Arthur J M. Radiation and anthocyanin pigments in: Biological Effects of Radiation. Duggan B M ed. NewYork: McGraw HiIl, 1936: 1109-1118.
[14] Thain S C, Murtas G, Lynn J R, et a1. The circadian clock that controls gene expression in Arabidopsis is tissue specific. Plant Physiol, 2002, 130: 102-110.
[15] Leyva A, Jarillo J A, Salinas J, et a1. Low temperature induces the accumulation of Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase and chalcone synthase mRNAs of Arabidopsis thaliana in a light—dependent manner. Plant Physiol, 1995, 108: 39-46.
[16] Kaneko M, Itoh H, Inukai Y. Where do gibberellin biosynthesis and gibberellin signaling occur in rice plants? Plant J, 2003, 35: 104-115.
[17] Grotewold E, Peterson T. Isolation and characterization of a maize gene encoding chalcone flavonone isomerase. Mol Gen Genet, 1994, 242: 1-8.
[18] 张党权,谭晓风,王晓红. 查尔酮合酶与查尔酮异构酶基因特征及转基因应用, 中南林业科技大学学报,2007,27:87-91. Zhang D Q, Tan X F, Wang X H. Gene Characteristics and transgenic application of chalcone synthase and chalcone isomerase. Journal of Central South University of Forestry& Technology, 2007,27:87-91.
[19] Verhoeyen M E, Bovy A, Collins G, et a1. Increasing antioxidant levels in tomatoes through modification of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. J Exp Bot, 2002, 53: 2099-2106.
[20] Lukaszewicz M, Matysiak-Kata I, Skala J, et a1. Antioxidant capacity manipulation in transgenic potato tuber by changes in phenolic compounds content. J Agric Food Chem, 2004, 52: 1526-1533.
[21] Shimada N, Aoki T, Sato S, et a1. A cluster of genes encodes the two types of chaleone isomerase involved in the biosynthesis of general falavonoids and legume-specific 5-deoxy(iso)flavonoids in Lotus japonicas. Plant Physiol, 2003, 131: 941-951.
[22] Mehdy M C, Lamb C J. Chalcone isomerase cDNA cloning and mRNA induction by fungal elicitor, wounding and infection. EMBO J, 1987 6: 1527-1533.
[23] Sparvoli F, Martin C, Scienza A, et al. Cloning and molecular analysis of structural genes involved in flavonoid and stilbene biosynthesis in grape (Vitis vinifera L.). Plant Mol Biol, 1994, 24: 743-755.
[24] Ralston L, Subramanian S, Matsuno M, et al. Partial reconstruction of flavonoid and isoflavonoid biosynthesis in yeast using soybean type I and type II chalcone isomerases. Plant Physiol, 2005, 137: 1375-1388.
[25] Kim H B, Bae J H, Lim J D, et al. Expression of a functional type-I chalcone isomerase gene is localized to the infected cells of root nodules of Elaeagnus umbellate. Mol Cells, 2007, 23: 405-409.
[26] Jez J M, Bowman M E, Dixon R A. Structure and mechanism of the evolutionarily unique plant enzyme chalcone isomerase. Natural Structural Biology, 2000, 7: 786-791.
[27] Tunen A J V, Koes R E, Mol J N M, et a1. Cloning of the two chalcone flavanone isomerase genes from Petunia hybrid: coordinate, light-regulated and differential expression of flavonoid genes. EMBO J, 1988, 7: 1257-1263.
[28] Muir S, Collins G, Robinson S, et a1.Overexpression of petunia chalcone isomerase in tomato results in fruit containing increased levels of flavonols.J Nature bioteehnology,2001, l9: 470-474.
[29] Steele C L, Gijzen M, Qutob D, et al. Molecular characterization of the enzyme catalyzing the aryl migration reaction of isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean. Arch Biochem Biophys, 1999, 367:146-150.
[30] Jung W, Yu O, Lau S C, et al. Identification and expression of isoflavone synthase, the key enzyme for biosynthesis of isoflavones in legumes. Nature Biotech, 2000, 18: 208-212.
[31] Dhaubhadel S, McGarvey B D, Williams R, et al. Isoflavonoid biosynthesis and accumulation in developing soybean seeds. Plant Mol Biol, 2003, 53: 733-743.
[32] Yu O, Jung W, Shi J, et al. Production of the isoflavones genestein and daidzein in non-legume dicot and monocot tissues. Plant Physiol, 2000, 124: 781-793.
[33] Liu C, Blount J W, Steele C L, et al. Bottlenecks for metabolic engineering of isoflavone glycoconjugates in Arabidopsis. P N A S, 2002, 99: 14578-14583.
[34] Yu O, Shi J, Hession A O, et al. Metabolic engineering to increase isoflavone biosynthesis in soybean seeds. Phytochemistry, 2003, 63: 753-763.
[35] Bruce W, Folkerts O, Garnaat C, et al. Expression profiling of the maize flavonoid pathway genes controlled by estradiol-inducible transcription factors CRC and P. Plant Cell, 2000, 12: 65-80.
[36] Kim D H, Kim B G, Lee Y, et al. Regiospecific methylation of naringenin to ponciretin by soybean O-methyltransferase expressed in Escherichia coli. J Biotechnol, 2005 119: 155-162. |
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
