Advances of Optogenetics in the Regulation of Bacterial Production

doi:10.13523/j.cb.2104006

China Biotechnology

2021, Vol. 41

Issue (9): 101-109 DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2104006

Advances of Optogenetics in the Regulation of Bacterial Production

MA Ning,WANG Han-jie(

)

School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological, Tianjin 300072, China

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Abstract

Advances in synthetic biology made it possible to engineer microorganisms to serve as “factories” to synthesize substances efficiently, and regulate cell activity by adding chemical inducers. However, the toxicity and irreversibility of chemical inducers limited their applications. Optogenetics, which uses light signals of specific wavelengths to regulate the process of cell life, has the characteristics of specificity, reversibility and high spatial and temporal resolution. In recent years, people have modified photosensitive proteins from different sources and developed various optogenetic elements with different wavelengths for the construction of gene circuits, and thus realized the regulation of bacterial protein synthesis and metabolism. Optogenetics technology builds a real-time signal communication between human and bacteria, making the production process more precise and controllable:(1) Drug delivery through bacteria synthesizes therapeutic factors controlled by light;(2) Improve the catalytic efficiency of the target product by controlling the metabolic pathway;(3) Control the formation of living biomaterials under light induction. With further exploration, optogenetic elements with smaller size, more wavelengths and higher efficiency will be developed to realize multi-input regulation of bacterial life activities.

Key words： Optogenetic Synthetic biology Photosensitive protein Engineered bacteria Biomaterial Metabolic engineering

Received: 06 April 2021 Published: 30 September 2021

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Corresponding Authors: Han-jie WANG E-mail: wanghj@tju.edu.cn

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Cite this article:

MA Ning,WANG Han-jie. Advances of Optogenetics in the Regulation of Bacterial Production. China Biotechnology, 2021, 41(9): 101-109.

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https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/10.13523/j.cb.2104006 OR https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/Y2021/V41/I9/101

Fig.1 Domains of phytochrome superfamily members

Fig.2 Schematic of two-component systems (a)Two-component system based on phytochrome needs exogenous enzyme that convert haem into PCB, initiates gene expression in response to light stimulated phosphorylation (b) BphP based system use BV as chromophore, gene expression is activated by interaction between BphP1 and PpsR2 (c) YF1 phosphorylates FIXJ under dark conditions and regulates gene expression

Fig.3 Engineering application of optogenetic bacteria (a) Light controlled bacterial drug synthesis (b) Light controlled bacterial metabolic process (c) Formation and assembly of light-controlled living biological materials

Table 1 Optogenetic regulation of microbial fermentation


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