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中国生物工程杂志

CHINA BIOTECHNOLOGY
中国生物工程杂志
中国生物工程杂志  2021, Vol. 41 Issue (5): 65-71    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2011019
综述     
3D生物打印在软骨修复中的应用*
朱帅,金明杰,杨树林()
南京理工大学环境与生物工程学院 南京 210094
A Review on Applications of 3D Bioprinting in Cartilage Tissue Regeneration Engineering
ZHU Shuai,JIN Ming-jie,YANG Shu-lin()
School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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摘要：

关节软骨损伤后的自我修复是医学界一直在研究和探讨的难题。3D生物打印技术可以精准的分配载细胞生物材料,构建复杂的三维活体组织,在优化软骨缺损修复组织的内部结构、机械性能以及生物相容性上有很大优势,因此近年来成为软骨修复组织工程领域的研究热点。重点介绍了软骨生物3D生物打印的最新进展,包括软骨生物打印“墨水”材料的选择、种子细胞的来源以及3D生物打印技术的发展。此外,还阐述了3D生物打印技术在组织工程学应用上的部分局限性,并对其在软骨修复领域的发展与应用进行了预测。
关键词： 3D生物打印;  水凝胶;  组织工程;  软骨    
Abstract:

Self-repair is critical but limited on aged and damaged articular cartilages, and therefore, it is necessary to apply a suitable tissue engineering scaffold to promoting the repair and growth of the defective cartilage. 3D bioprinting can accurately distribute cell-bearing biological materials and construct complex three-dimensional living tissues or organs, and such technique becomes a hotspot in cartilage tissue engineering recently. The focus is on the latest progress of cartilage bioprinting in 3D bioprinting, including the selection of “ink” materials for cartilage bioprinting, the source of seed cells, and the development of 3D bioprinting technology. In addition, some limitations of the application of 3D bioprinting technology in tissue engineering are also explained, and its development and application in the field of cartilage repair are predicted.
Key words: 3D printing    Hydrogel    Tissue engineering    Cartilage
收稿日期: 2020-11-09 出版日期: 2021-06-01
ZTFLH:  Q819  
基金资助: * 国家高科技研究发展计划(2014AA022107)
通讯作者: 杨树林     E-mail: yangshulin@njust.edu.cn
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朱帅
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引用本文:

朱帅,金明杰,杨树林. 3D生物打印在软骨修复中的应用*[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2021, 41(5): 65-71.

ZHU Shuai,JIN Ming-jie,YANG Shu-lin. A Review on Applications of 3D Bioprinting in Cartilage Tissue Regeneration Engineering. China Biotechnology, 2021, 41(5): 65-71.

链接本文:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/10.13523/j.cb.2011019    或    https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/Y2021/V41/I5/65

生物材料 软骨修复能力 可打印性
琼脂糖[23] 软骨相容型 可在无支撑情况下打印
海藻酸盐[10] 软骨相容型 需要添加交联剂/增稠剂提高可打印性
硫酸藻酸盐[24] 软骨诱导型 需要利用智能交联的方法提高可打印性
甲基丙烯酸化明胶[17] 软骨相容型 需要添加交联剂/增稠剂提高可打印性
透明质酸[18] 软骨诱导型 需要添加交联剂/增稠剂提高可打印性
纤维蛋白[25] 软骨相容型 需要添加交联剂/增稠剂提高可打印性
胶原蛋白[26] 软骨相容型 胶原蛋白密度越高可打印性越好
聚乙二醇[21] 软骨相容型 需要添加交联剂/增稠剂提高可打印性
聚己内酯[22] 软骨相容型 可热熔融后打印
表1  用于CTE的生物材料
软骨细胞 间充质干细胞 胚胎干细胞
优点 来源广
提取简单
高软骨相容性		 高增殖潜能
高分化潜能
免疫原性低、取材方便		 增殖快
全能型
多能性
缺点 不具有分化潜能
增殖较慢		 成本高
分化条件较复杂		 伦理道德问题
分化方向难控制
表2  用于CTE的种子细胞
喷墨式生物打印 挤出式生物打印 激光辅助生物打印
成本 低 中等 高
适用黏度 中等 高 中等-高
成型时间 中等 短 长
细胞存活率 85% 40%~95% 95%
优势 低成本
易操作
高效率
可用于低黏度
材料打印		 高细胞密度
高细胞存活率
适用黏度范围广		 无喷头
高分辨率
高精度
高细胞密度
适用黏度范围广
(1~300 mPa/s)
劣势 适用材料有限
喷头易堵塞
低细胞密度
对细胞有潜在的
热损伤		 分辨率有限
剪切力对细胞
的损伤		 高成本
成型速度低
三维构建能力差
表3  用于CTE的3D生物打印方法
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