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中国生物工程杂志

CHINA BIOTECHNOLOGY
中国生物工程杂志  2022, Vol. 42 Issue (6): 54-65    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2201001
综述     
CHO细胞表达糖蛋白的研究进展*
任自强1,2,王梦灿1,2,张海灵1,朱希强2,**(),林剑1,**()
1.烟台大学生命科学学院 烟台 264005
2.山东丰金生物医药有限公司 烟台 264117
Research Progress of Glycoprotein Expression in CHO Cells
REN Zi-qiang1,2,WANG Meng-can1,2,ZHANG Hai-ling1,ZHU Xi-qiang2,**(),LIN Jian1,**()
1. College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
2. Shandong Fengjin Biomedical Co., Ltd., Yantai 264117, China
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摘要:

中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(Chinese hamster ovary cells,CHO)表达系统因具有较高密度培养、高表达和相对完整的蛋白质糖基化修饰系统等特点,成为生产糖蛋白广泛应用的宿主表达细胞之一。目前已产生不同的CHO细胞系和各种功能细胞株以满足对糖蛋白的大量生产和其他实验需求。近年来,随着基因工程、蛋白质工程、细胞工程和发酵调控等技术的发展应用,由CHO细胞生产糖蛋白的产量和糖基化修饰程度取得了突破。然而,随着生物制品市场对于糖蛋白的需求增加,如何获得大量、均质的糖蛋白也成为急需解决的问题。综述了不同工程CHO表达系统的研究、应用、糖基化修饰系统,以及影响外源糖蛋白在CHO系统表达和糖基化修饰的理化因素,结合文献总结并预测了未来CHO细胞表达系统研究的四个具有重大意义的研究方向,以期在未来可以改善由CHO细胞表达糖蛋白的产量和质量。

关键词: 中国仓鼠卵巢细胞糖蛋白表达糖基化    
Abstract:

The Chinese hamster ovary cells(CHO) cell expression system has become a widely used host expression system for the production of glycoproteins due to its high-density culture, high expression characteristics and relatively complete protein glycosylation modification system. Different CHO cell lines and various functional cell lines have been generated to date to meet the needs of large-scale production of glycoproteins and other experimental purposes. In recent years, with the development and application of genetic engineering, protein engineering, cell engineering, fermentation regulation and other technologies, breakthroughs have been made in the yield and degree of glycosylation of glycoproteins produced by CHO cells. However, with the increasing demand for glycoproteins in the biological product market, how to obtain a large quantity of glycoproteins with uniform mixture has also become an urgent problem to be solved. This review introduces the application of CHO and the research progress on gene construction and expression, enzyme engineering, cell lines, molecular chaperones, additives and physical conditions that affect the yield of expressed exogenous proteins and the degree of glycosylation modification in CHO cells. Combined with literature analysis, four directions for future CHO cell research are predicted: the development of new engineered CHO cell lines, a stable CHO expression system, synergistic strategies, and multi-omics applications. It is expected that the yield and quality of glycoproteins expressed by CHO cells can be improved in the future to meet the needs of clinical studies and research.

Key words: Chinese hamster ovary cells(CHO)    Glycoprotein expression    Glycosylation
收稿日期: 2022-01-05 出版日期: 2022-07-07
ZTFLH:  Q786  
基金资助: *国家自然科学基金(32001836);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020QC233)
通讯作者: 朱希强,林剑     E-mail: 15066696818@163.com;linjian3384@163.com
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引用本文:

任自强,王梦灿,张海灵,朱希强,林剑. CHO细胞表达糖蛋白的研究进展*[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2022, 42(6): 54-65.

REN Zi-qiang,WANG Meng-can,ZHANG Hai-ling,ZHU Xi-qiang,LIN Jian. Research Progress of Glycoprotein Expression in CHO Cells. China Biotechnology, 2022, 42(6): 54-65.

链接本文:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/10.13523/j.cb.2201001        https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/Y2022/V42/I6/54

目的蛋白 宿主细胞 目的蛋白功能 参考文献
人体绒毛膜促性腺激素 CHO-K1 检测排卵诱导和治疗某些导致女性不育的疾病 [21]
人类重组β葡萄糖醛酸酶 CHO-K1 作为溶酶体贮积病的酶替代疗法 [22]
MERS-冠状病毒疫苗抗原 CHO-DHFR 针对中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒的亚单位重组蛋白疫苗 [23]
人粗红细胞生产素 CHO-S 肾性贫血的治疗 [24]
免疫球蛋白G CHO-DP12 针对外来抗原的免疫反应中产生的主要类别的免疫球蛋白,可提供有效保护 [25]
γ-干扰素 CHO-DHFR 一种具有抗病毒、抗增殖和免疫调节活性的分泌型糖蛋白 [26-27]
金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂-1 CHO-GS 保持组织完整性的主要参与 [28-29]
重组α-1-抗胰蛋白酶 CHOBRI/rcTA 丝氨酸蛋白酶的血清抑制剂 [30]
凝血因子IX CHO-DG44 凝血缺陷的治疗 [31]
重组人葡萄糖脑苷脂酶 CHO-DXB11(dhfr-) 戈谢病的治疗 [32]
组织纤溶酶原活化剂 CHO-Galk1 用于与溶栓有关的疾病 [33]
人肿瘤抑制蛋白RNASET2 CHO-S 重组新冠疫苗(抗原) [34]
SARS-CoV-2的刺状三聚体 CHO 一种细胞外肿瘤抑制蛋白 [35]
表1  CHO 细胞产生的糖蛋白列表
基因 功能 实验操作 结果 目的蛋白 参考文献
Bcl-2 抗凋亡 过表达 与对照相比,细胞活力增加了约40% β-肌动蛋白 [71]
Bcl-xL 抗凋亡 过表达 只有2%的细胞数量在24 h内表现出细胞凋亡的迹象 黄色荧光蛋白 [72]
Mcl-1 抗凋亡 过表达 与对照细胞的65%相比,14 d后保持90%的活力 VLA1 [73]
XIAP 抗凋亡 表达 对照组细胞活力下降至40%,表达XIAP的细胞活力保持在90%以上 IAP protein [74]
BaX/Bak 促凋亡 敲除 双基因敲除培养的IgG水平是野生型CHO细胞培养的2~5倍 G免疫球蛋 [75]
表2  上调或敲除基因对CHO细胞系表达时间的影响
图1  CHO细胞中蛋白质的天冬酰胺糖基化代谢合成途径
目的蛋白 实验操作 结果 参考文献
EPO 在SCST1和SCST3细胞中过表达α2,3-ST、CMP-SAS和CMP-SAT 四唾液酸化聚糖是在两种细胞系中均得到增强从8.7%到14.4%和15.5% [104]
IFN-γ CMP-唾液酸转运蛋白的过度表达 IFN-γ的唾液分泌水平增加了4%~16% [10]
Human IgG α-2,3唾液酸转移酶敲除-α-2,6唾液酸转移酶表表达 产生超过75%的唾液酸化聚糖和超过62.5%的双天线二唾液酸化聚糖 [107]
GlycoproteinA 过表达的半乳糖基转移酶-1 唾液酸化糖蛋白A的杠杆率从7.7%增加到14.8% [108]
Recombinant IgG α-2,6唾液酸转移酶的过表达 与野生型CHO宿主细胞相比,唾液酸化的基数程度得到改善 [109]
rhEPO β-3gnt2的敲除 三和四唾液酸化N-聚糖增加了1.5倍和2.7倍以上 [106]
表3  糖基化工程细胞的表达和结果
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