Advances of Engineered Live Biotherapeutics in Tumor Immunotherapy

doi:10.13523/j.cb.2204001

China Biotechnology

2022, Vol. 42

Issue (10): 39-50 DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2204001

Advances of Engineered Live Biotherapeutics in Tumor Immunotherapy

Chun-li HAN,Han-jie WANG^*(

)

School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecules,Tianjin 300072, China

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Abstract

Living organisms such as cells isolated from human body, bacteria, and viruses can be engineered as live biotherapeutics, which can maintain biological activity, self-replicate, and express genes in a patient’s body. Compared with traditional drugs, engineered live biotherapeutics maintain a relatively long-time curative effect in vivo, express genes as expected to achieve versatility and homeostasis control, and have unique targeting and response capabilities. In recent years, the application of engineered live biotherapeutics in tumor immunotherapy has received widespread attention. CAR-T and other cell therapies and oncolytic virus therapies have performed good clinical effects, and engineered bacteria are also developing rapidly in clinical and preclinical research. Among all the types of engineered live biotherapeutics, human cells, bacteria, and viruses have different characteristics. Therefore, their design purposes and ideas are different. With the progress of synthetic biology technologies, engineered live biotherapeutics will have better safety and efficacy, and bring new opportunities for tumor therapy. Herein, the latest developments of engineered live biotherapeutics for tumor immunotherapy are reviewed, and the synthetic biology design and immunotherapy mechanisms are expounded.

Key words： Live biotherapeutics Synthetic biology Tumor immunotherapy

Received: 01 April 2022 Published: 04 November 2022

ZTFLH:

Q819

Corresponding Authors: Han-jie WANG E-mail: wanghj@tju.edu.cn

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Cite this article:

Chun-li HAN,Han-jie WANG. Advances of Engineered Live Biotherapeutics in Tumor Immunotherapy. China Biotechnology, 2022, 42(10): 39-50.

URL:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/10.13523/j.cb.2204001 OR https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/Y2022/V42/I10/39

Fig.1 The receptor design of engineered live human cell biotherapeutics

Table 1 Approved engineered live CAR-T cell biotherapeutics

Fig.2 Three steps in the functioning of oncolytic virus biotherapeutics

Table 2 Approved oncolytic virus biotherapeutics

Fig.3 The genetic circuit design of engineered live bacterial biotherapeutics

Table 3 Clinical trials of engineered live bacterial biotherapeutics for tumor immunotherapy


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