Effects of Synonymous Codon Usage Patterns on Protein Product Expression and Conformation Formation

doi:10.13523/j.cb.2108045

China Biotechnology

2022, Vol. 42

Issue (3): 91-98 DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2108045

Effects of Synonymous Codon Usage Patterns on Protein Product Expression and Conformation Formation

PU Fei-yang^1,²,LI Yi-cong^1,²,WANG Hui-hui^1,²,FENG Xi-li^1,²,LI Zhuo^1,²,MA Zhong-ren¹,ZHOU Jian-hua^1,^3,^**(

)

1 Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
2 College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730010, China
3 Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730046, China

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Abstract

The degeneracy in genetic codons further improves the capacity of genetic information. The genetic feature leads to synonymous codon usage bias representing a universal feature across all organisms’ genomes. Although synonymous codon usage variations in genes have no effects on the amino acid compositions, more and more studies point out that synonymous codon usage bias plays an important role in half-life of gene transcriptions, translational efficiency and accuracy and folding structure via fine-tune translation regulation mechanisms. Synonymous codons are used to mediate the translation rates in the process of ribosomal for transferring tRNA following the specific amino acid sequence, and the co-translation mechanism regulates the correct folding structure of the newborn peptide chain to ensure the normal biological function of the protein product. In particular, some synonymous codon usage patterns have the significantly positive correlations with folding structure formation of protein, since changes in synonymous codon usage bias could lead to folding structure of protein. Based on the previous reports in recent years, we review the related context for synonymous codon bias in fine-tune translation regulation.

Key words： Synonymous codon Gene Peptide Fine-tune translation selection Co-translation mechanism Folding structure

Received: 18 August 2021 Published: 07 April 2022

ZTFLH:

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Corresponding Authors: Jian-hua ZHOU E-mail: zhoujianhuazjh@163.com

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	Fei-yang PU
	Yi-cong LI
	Hui-hui WANG
	Xi-li FENG
	Zhuo LI
	Zhong-ren MA
	Jian-hua ZHOU

Cite this article:

PU Fei-yang,LI Yi-cong,WANG Hui-hui,FENG Xi-li,LI Zhuo,MA Zhong-ren,ZHOU Jian-hua. Effects of Synonymous Codon Usage Patterns on Protein Product Expression and Conformation Formation. China Biotechnology, 2022, 42(3): 91-98.

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https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/10.13523/j.cb.2108045 OR https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/Y2022/V42/I3/91

Fig.1 The overview of potential effects of synonymous codon usages in genes on transcription and translation processes

Fig.2 The effects of translational scanning speeds of ribosome on shaping the specific folding structures of peptide chain

Fig.3 The effects of synonymous codon usage patterns on the processes in gene replication, transcription and translation


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