Advances in Extraction, Purification and Bioactivity of Polysaccharides from Edible Fungi

doi:10.13523/j.cb.2108005

China Biotechnology

2022, Vol. 42

Issue (1/2): 146-159 DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2108005

Orginal Article

Advances in Extraction, Purification and Bioactivity of Polysaccharides from Edible Fungi

ZHAO Bing-jie^1,²,GUO Yan-bin^1,^2,^**(

)

1 College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, Beijing 100193, China

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Abstract

Edible fungi polysaccharides have attracted much attention because of their biological activities such as antioxidant, immune regulation, anti-tumor, and hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect. The structure of edible fungi polysaccharides affects their biological activityies and has the characteristics of (1→3), (1→4), and (1→6) and mixed glycosidic bonds β-D-glucan is one of the structural characteristics of highly active edible fungi polysaccharides. It shows different functions, such as improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes, promoting the secretion of anticancer factors, and stimulating the proliferation of spleen and thymocytes. Different extraction and purification methods such as acid-base, ultrasonic and microwave, Sevag method, resin method and affinity chromatography will affect the yield of edible fungi polysaccharides, change their structure and affect their biological activities. The extraction and purification methods of edible fungi polysaccharides and their effects on structure and activity, the composition, structure and structure-activity relationship of edible fungi polysaccharides, as well as the functions, structural characteristics and biological activities of edible fungi polysaccharides in antioxidant, antitumor, immune regulation, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic aspects were described in detail. The molecular mechanism of edible fungi polysaccharides formation, modification of polysaccharide active sites, polysaccharide metabolic kinetics and other future research directions were proposed.

Key words： Edible fungi polysaccharides Extraction and purification Structure Biological activity

Received: 02 August 2021 Published: 03 March 2022

ZTFLH:

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Corresponding Authors: Yan-bin GUO E-mail: guoyb@cau.edu.cn

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Cite this article:

ZHAO Bing-jie,GUO Yan-bin. Advances in Extraction, Purification and Bioactivity of Polysaccharides from Edible Fungi. China Biotechnology, 2022, 42(1/2): 146-159.

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https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/10.13523/j.cb.2108005 OR https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/Y2022/V42/I1/2/146

Fig.1 Basic structure of glucan from edible fungi (a) (1→3)-α-D-glucan (b)(1→4)-α-D-glucan (c)(1→6)-α-D-glucan (d)Mixed-linkage (1→3), (1→4)-α-D-glucan (e)Branched (1→4), (1→6)-α-D-glucan (f)(1→3)-β-D-glucan (g)(1→6)-β-D-glucan (h)Mixed-linkage (1→3), (1→4)-β-D-glucan (i)Branched (1→3), (1→6)-β-D-glucan (j)Branched (1→ 6), (1→3)-β-D-glucan

门	目	菌种	多糖	单糖组成 (摩尔比)	分子量 /kDa	结构特征	生物活性	参考文献
担子菌门 Basidiomycota	多孔菌目 Polyporales	猴头菇 H.erinaceus	HPB-3	Fuc∶Gal∶Glc= 5.2∶23.9∶1	15	α-L-Fucp-(1→, →2,6)-α-D-Galp-(1→,→6)-α-D-Galp-(1→	激活巨噬细胞; NO↑;TNF-α↑	[35]
			HPB-W	Fuc∶Gal∶Glc∶Man∶Rha=1.59∶7.06∶5.60∶0.89∶0.98	15.9	α-D-Glcp-(1→, →3,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→, →2,6)-α-D-Galp-(1→,β-Galp-(1→, →3,4)-β-D-Manp,→3)-α-Rhap→2)-β-L-Fucp	强化巨噬细胞吞噬;NO↑;IL-6↑;TNF-α↑	[36]
		灵芝 G.lucidum	GLP_L2	Glc∶Gal∶Man= 29∶1.8∶1.0	15.4	→3)-D-Glcp-(1→, →4)-D-Glcp-(1→, →6)-D-Glcp-(1→, →3,6)-D-Glcp-(1→ and →4,6)-D-Glcp-(1→;→6)-D-Galp-(1→	· $O 2 -$ ↓、 ·OH↓、 H₂O₂↓	[37]
			GLP-2	Glc	19.5	→6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→,→3)-β-D-Glcp-(1→	脾脏胸腺,血清IgA↑	[38]
		灰树花 P.frondosus	GP11	Man∶Glc∶Gal= 1∶5.04∶2.61	6.9	→1)-β-Manp-(6→,→1)-β-Glcp-(4→,→1)-β-Galp-(6→,→2,3,6)-β-Glcp-(1→	抑制Heps生长, NO↑;IL-2↑;TNF-α↑	[39]
			GF70-F1	Gal∶Glc∶Man= 1.24∶56∶1	1 260	(1→3),(1→6)-β-D-葡聚糖;β-(1→4)-糖苷键主链;β-(1→6)-糖苷键支链	抑制NF-κB;IL-6↑;TNF-α↑	[40]
	银耳目 Tremella	银耳 T.fuciformis	TAPA1	Man∶Xyl∶Glc = 5∶4∶1	135	4-β-D-Manp-(1→3)-β-D-Xylp-(1→4)-β-D-GlcAp-(1→2)-α-D-Manp-(1→	刺激小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖	[41]
			PTF-M38	Xyl∶Man∶Glc∶Gal = 1∶1.47∶0.48∶0.34	1.24	—	—	[42]
	木耳菌目 Auriculariales	黑木耳 A.auricula	CEPSN-2	Ara∶Fuc∶Gal∶Glc∶GalA∶GlcA∶Man=0.11∶0.45∶1.04∶97.56∶0.20∶0.50∶0.14	6.7	(1→4)-α-D-葡聚糖骨架	NO↑;IL-6↑;IL-10↑;TNF-α↑	[43]
			AAPHs-F	Gal∶Glc∶Man= 1∶3.25∶12.7	0.885	(1→3)-β-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖,-COOH和乙酰胺	SOD↑;GSH-Px↑;CAT↑	[44]
	伞菌目 Agaricales	香菇 L.edodes	JLNT	—	605.4	β-(1→3)-D-葡萄糖主链 β-(1→6)-D-葡萄糖侧链	Bax↑; Bal↓ 激活Caspase-3	[45]
			PBPs	Man∶Rib∶GluA∶Glu∶Gal∶Ara∶Fuc=8.22∶1.33∶1.14∶72.50∶12.71∶0.52∶3.60	3.906	β-葡聚糖苷键吡喃糖环	清除DPPH; · $O 2 -$ ; ·OH	[46]
			ASMCP	Rha∶Ara∶Gal∶Glu= 4∶3∶1∶4	2.177	α-(1→3)-糖苷键	TNF-α↑ IL-1β↑; IL-6↑	[47]
		杏鲍菇 P.eryngii	PEPw	Ara∶Man∶Gal= 1.2∶2.3∶6.2	25	1,6-D-Galp, 1,2,6-D-Galp, 1,4-D-Manp	NK细胞增殖 IL-2↑;TNF-α↑	[48]
			MG-Pe	Man∶3-O-Me-Gal∶Gal=32.9∶15:521	20.9	α-1,6-D-Galp, α-1,6-3-O-Me-D-Galp	小鼠黑色素瘤体积减少60%	[49]
		金针菇 F.velutipes	GNP	Glc∶Man∶Xyl= 3.5∶0.8∶1.4	353	α-1,4-糖苷键主链 α-1,6-糖苷键支链	CD4⁺↓、CD8⁺↓、ICAM-1↓、MPO↓	[50]
			FVPB2	Gal∶Man∶Fuc∶Glc=1.9∶1.2∶1∶2.5	15	α-D-Manp-(1→; →3,4)-α-D-Galp-(1→; →6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→; α-L-Fucp-(1→;→2)-α-D-Galp-(1→; →3,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→	免疫调节 IgM↑;IgG↑	[51]
		平菇 P.ostreatus	KOMAP	Glc∶Man∶Ara= 6.2∶2.1∶2.0	21	β-1,4-Glu;β-1,3,6-Man; α-1-Ara	免疫调节,IL-2↑;TNF-α↑;IFN-γ↑	[52]
			POP	Glc∶Fuc∶Rha∶Gal∶Xyl∶Man∶Ara=10.6∶2.0∶3.5∶45.6∶4.6∶28.3∶5.4	—	(1→6)-β-D-葡聚糖,在O-3位置略微分支	—	[53]
		白灵菇 P.nebrodensis	PNPS	Glc∶Man∶Gal= 1∶18∶1	5 012	→4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→6)-α-D-Galp-(1→6)-α-D-Manp-(1→4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→	降血脂	[54]
子囊菌门 Ascomycota	麦角菌目 Clavicipitales	蛹虫草 C.militaris	CBP-1	Man∶Gal∶Glc= 3.15∶4.34∶1	17	→4)-α-D-Manp-(1→4)-α-D-Manp-(1→4)-α-D-Manp-(1→; β-D-Galp-(1→6)-β-D-Galp-(1→4)-α-D-Glcp	抗氧化·OH↓	[55]
			CMP-W1	Man∶Glc∶Gal= 2.84∶1∶1.29	366	1→,1→6,1→2,1→2,6糖苷键;α-Manp-(1→3)-Glcp	免疫力↑;脾淋巴细胞增殖	[56]
		蝉花Isaria cicadae Miquel	JCH-1	Glc∶Man∶Gal= 41.75∶33.67∶24.85	30.9	—	NO↑;IL-6↑;TNF-α↑	[57]
			JCH-2	Glc∶Man∶Gal= 72.59∶13.99∶13.42	555.3	—	JCH-2<JCH-1	[58]
	盘菌目 Pezizales	羊肚菌 M.esculenta	NMCP-2	Man∶Glc∶Gal∶Xyl=3.35∶19.57∶1∶3.14	48.3	→4)-β-D-Galp-(1→4)-β-D-Xylp-(1→6)-α-D-Glup-(1→4)-α-D-Glup-(1→	Bcl-2↓;Bax↑	[59]
			MIPW50-1	GlcNAc∶Gal∶Glc∶Man=1∶14.95∶1.53∶10.51	28.5	→2,3,6)-α-D-Manp-(1→,→3,6)-α-D-Manp-(1→,→2)-α-D-Galp-(1→,→6)-α-D-Manp-(1→,→4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→,→4)-α-D-GlcpNAc-(1→,→6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→	强化吞噬细胞 NO↑;IL-6↑;TNF-α↑	[60]

Table 1 Monosaccharide composition, structural characteristics and bioactivity of polysaccharides from main edible fungi


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