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Research Advances on Genetic Structure and Molecular Mechanism Underlying the Formation of Tassel Traits in Maize |
WANG Yan-bo1,2,WEI Jia1,2,LONG Yan1,2,3,DONG Zhen-ying1,2,**(),WAN Xiang-yuan1,2,3,**() |
1 Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Graduate School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China 2 Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China 3 Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co., Ltd., Beijing 100192, China |
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Abstract Maize is a monoecious plant with top terminal tassels and lateral ears. The tassels need to produce sufficient pollens to fertilize ears; however, due to the shading effect on the lower leaves and their own nutritional requirements, the growth and development of tassels have a negative effect on yield through affecting leaf photosynthesis and energy distribution of the whole plant. Optimizing the tassel architecture is thus urgent for maize yield improvement. Maize tassel traits include the number of tassel branches, the length of tassel branches, the length of the principal axis of the tassel, the total length of tassel branches, and the angle of tassel branching, which are all complex quantitative traits controlled by different genetic basis. Since the 1990s, researchers have begun to analyze the genetic structure of maize tassel traits by quantitative trait locus(QTL) mapping. With the release of the reference genome of the maize inbred line B73, and the improvement of high-throughput genotyping technologies such as DNA microarrays and genome resequencing, genome-wide association study(GWAS) has been widely applied in recent years, and a large number of loci associated with the maize tassel traits have been identified. Here, the genetic loci of maize tassel traits identified from different research periods were retrieved, and a consistent physical map was built. Furthermore, the genetic mapping hotspots were isolated which will be useful for the further understanding of the genetic structure of maize tassel traits and the guidance of the cloning of tassel-trait-related genes. At the same time, the cloned genes controlling tassel traits and the corresponding functional mechanism were summarized which will be helpful for further deciphering the genetic network and regulatory pathways of tassel development in maize.
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Received: 31 October 2021
Published: 13 January 2022
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Corresponding Authors:
Zhen-ying DONG,Xiang-yuan WAN
E-mail: zydong@ustb.edu.cn;wanxiangyuan@ustb.edu.cn
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