Please wait a minute...

中国生物工程杂志

China Biotechnology
China Biotechnology  2021, Vol. 41 Issue (2/3): 150-161    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2009039
    
Research Progress of in Vitro Diagnostic Technologies for SARS-CoV-2
FAN Yue-lei,WANG Yue,WANG Heng-zhe,LI Dan-dan,MAO Kai-yun()
Shanghai Information Center for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031,China
Download: HTML   PDF(639KB) HTML
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      

Abstract  

With the intensification of coronavirus pandemic, the research and development of in vitro diagnostic technologies and products for SARS-CoV-2 attracts great attention in the global biomedical field. The research and development of in vitro diagnostic technologies and products is of great importance in enhancing the ability to prevent and control emerging infectious diseases. The global research status and future trend of SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic technologies and products was reviewed,including not only the traditional molecular diagnostic and immunodiagnostic technologies, but also the application of new technologies, such as CRISPR technology, biosensor technology, nanotechnology, in SARS-CoV-2 testing, and the research and development strategy and technical characteristics were also analyzed in order to provide a reference for the development of in vitro diagnostic technologies for emerging infectious diseases and the science and technology decision making of the government.



Key wordsSARS-CoV-2      In vitro diagnosis      Epidemic prevention and control     
Received: 27 September 2020      Published: 08 April 2021
ZTFLH:  Q819  
Corresponding Authors: Kai-yun MAO     E-mail: kymao@sibs.ac.cn
Cite this article:

FAN Yue-lei,WANG Yue,WANG Heng-zhe,LI Dan-dan,MAO Kai-yun. Research Progress of in Vitro Diagnostic Technologies for SARS-CoV-2. China Biotechnology, 2021, 41(2/3): 150-161.

URL:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/10.13523/j.cb.2009039     OR     https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/Y2021/V41/I2/3/150

产品名称 生产企业 检测基因区域 批准国家 批准时间
新型冠状病毒2019-nCoV核酸检测试剂盒(荧光PCR法) 上海捷诺生物科技有限公司 ORF1ab基因、N基因 中国 2020.1.26
新型冠状病毒2019-nCoV核酸检测试剂盒(荧光PCR法) 华大生物科技(武汉)有限公司 ORF1ab基因 中国 2020.1.26
新型冠状病毒2019-nCoV核酸检测试剂盒(荧光PCR法) 上海伯杰医疗科技有限公司 ORF1ab基因、N基因 中国 2020.1.26
新型冠状病毒2019-nCoV核酸检测试剂盒(荧光PCR法) 中山大学达安基因股份有限公司 ORF1ab基因、N基因 中国 2020.1.28
新型冠状病毒2019-nCoV核酸检测试剂盒(荧光PCR法) 北京纳捷诊断试剂有限公司 ORF1ab基因、N基因 中国 2020.6.9
新型冠状病毒2019-nCoV核酸检测试剂盒(荧光PCR法) 中山大学达安基因股份有限公司 ORF1ab基因、N基因 中国 2020.9.21
新型冠状病毒2019-nCoV核酸检测试剂盒(荧光PCR法) 上海捷诺生物科技有限公司 ORF1ab基因、N基因 中国 2020.11.20
COVID-19 RT-PCR test LabCorp Laboratory Corporation of America N基因 美国 2020.3.16
CDC 2019- Novel Coronavirus Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel CDC N基因 美国 2020.2.4
BioFire COVID-19 test BioFire Defense, LLC ORF1ab基因、ORF8基因 美国 2020.3.23
Xpert Xpress SARS-CoV-2 test Cepheid N基因、E基因 美国 2020.3.20
MassARRAY SARS-CoV-2 Panel Agena Bioscience, Inc ORF1ab基因、E基因 美国 2020.10.26
Xpert Omni SARS-CoV-2 Cepheid E基因、N基因 美国 2020.11.27
Table 1 Examples of SARS-CoV-2 detection products based on RT-PCR
产品名称 生产企业 批准国家 批准时间
新型冠状病毒2019-nCoV核酸检测试剂盒(恒温扩增-实时荧光法) 杭州优思达生物技术有限公司 中国 2020.3.16
新型冠状病毒2019-nCoV核酸检测试剂盒(双扩增法) 武汉中帜生物科技股份有限公司 中国 2020.3.31
ID NOW COVID-19 Abbott Diagnostics Scarborough, Inc. 美国 2020.3.27
iAMP COVID-19 Detection Kit Atila BioSystems, Inc. 美国 2020.4.10
Sherlock CRISPR SARS-CoV-2 Kit Sherlock BioSciences, Inc. 美国 2020.5.6
Color Genomics SARS-CoV-2 RT-LAMP Diagnostic Assay Color Genomics, Inc. 美国 2020.5.18
AQ-TOP COVID-19 Rapid Detection Kit Seasun Biomaterials, Inc. 美国 2020.5.21
Cue COVID-19 Test Cue Health Inc. 美国 2020.6.10
SARS-CoV-2 RNA DETECTR Assay UCSF Health Clinical Laboratories, UCSF Clinical Labs at China Basin 美国 2020.7.9
Pro-AmpRT SARS-CoV-2 Test Pro-Lab Diagnostics 美国 2020.8.13
SARS-CoV-2 DETECTR Reagent Kit Mammoth Biosciences, Inc. 美国 2020.8.31
MobileDetect Bio BCC19 (MD-Bio BCC19) Test Kit Detectachem Inc. 美国 2020.9.1
Table 2 Examples of SARS-CoV-2 detection products based on RT-LAMP
产品名称 生产企业 批准国家 批准时间
Aptima SARS-CoV-2 Assay Hologic, Inc. 美国 2020.5.14
LetsGetChecked Coronavirus(COVID-19) Test PrivaPath Diagnostics, Inc. 美国 2020.5.28
Quest Diagnostics HA SARS-CoV-2 Assay Quest Diagnostics Infectious Disease, Inc. 美国 2020.7.15
Poplar SARS-CoV-2 TMA Pooling Assay Poplar Healthcare 美国 2020.8.3
Table 3 Examples of SARS-CoV-2 detection products based on TMA
产品名称 生产企业 批准国家 批准时间
新型冠状病毒2019-nCoV核酸检测试剂盒(联合探针锚定聚合测序法) 华大生物科技(武汉)有限公司 中国 2020.1.26
Illumina COVIDSeq Test Illumina, Inc. 美国 2020.6.9
Helix COVID-19 NGS Test Helix OpCo LLC (dba Helix) 美国 2020.8.6
Guardant-19 Guardant Health, Inc. 美国 2020.8.21
qSanger-COVID-19 Assay BillionToOne, Inc. 美国 2020.9.4
Clear Dx SARS-CoV-2 Test Clear Labs, Inc. 美国 2020.9.23
UCLA SwabSeq COVID-19 Diagnostic Platform University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) 美国 2020.10.6
Table 4 Examples of SARS-CoV-2 Detection Products based on high-throughput sequencing
产品名称 生产企业 批准国家 批准时间
新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)IgM/IgG抗体检测试剂盒(酶联免疫法) 北京华大吉比爱生物技术有限公司 中国 2020.6.17
COVID-19 ELISA IgG Antibody Test Mount Sinai Laboratory 美国 2020.4.15
Platelia SARS-CoV-2 Total Ab assay Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. 美国 2020.4.29
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA (IgG) EUROIMMUN US Inc. 美国 2020.5.4
SCoV-2 Detect IgG ELISA InBios International Inc. 美国 2020.6.10
SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG test Emory Medical Laboratories 美国 2020.6.15
SCoV-2 Detect IgM ELISA InBios International Inc. 美国 2020.6.30
WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 Ab ELISA Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise Co., Ltd. 美国 2020.8.5
COVID-19 ELISA pan-Ig Antibody Test University of Arizona Genetics Core for Clinical Services 美国 2020.8.31
OmniPATH COVID-19 Total Antibody ELISA Test Thermo Fisher Scientific 美国 2020.10.2
ZEUS ELISA SARS-CoV-2 IgG Test System ZEUS Scientific, Inc. 美国 2020.10.6
cPass SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Antibody Detection Kit GenScript USA Inc. 美国 2020.11.6
COVID-SeroKlir, Kantaro Semi-Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibody Kit Kantaro Biosciences, LLC 美国 2020.11.24
Table 5 Examples of SARS-CoV-2 detection products based on ELISA
产品名称 生产企业 批准国家 批准时间
新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)抗体检测试剂盒(胶体金法) 广州万孚生物技术股份有限公司 中国 2020.2.22
新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)IgM抗体检测试剂盒(胶体金法) 广东和信健康科技有限公司 中国 2020.3.11
新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)IgM/IgG抗体检测试剂盒(胶体金法) 英诺特(唐山)生物技术有限公司 中国 2020.3.19
新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV) IgG抗体检测试剂盒(胶体金法) 北京新兴四寰生物技术有限公司 中国 2020.10.12
新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)抗原检测试剂盒(胶体金法) 广州万孚生物技术股份有限公司 中国 2020.11.3
qSARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM Rapid Test Cellex Inc. 美国 2020.4.1
COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test Cassette Healgen Scientific LLC 美国 2020.5.29
WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 Ab Rapid Test Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise Co., Ltd. 美国 2020.7.10
Sienna-Clarity COVIBLOCK COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test Cassette Salofa Oy 美国 2020.7.13
Rapid COVID-19 IgM/IgG Combo Test Kit Megna Health, Inc. 美国 2020.7.17
Nirmidas COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) IgM/IgG Antibody Detection Kit Nirmidas Biotech, Inc. 美国 2020.9.29
Innovita 2019-nCoV Ab Test (Colloidal Gold) Innovita (Tangshan) Biological Technology Co., Ltd. 美国 2020.11.23
Table 6 Examples of SARS-CoV-2 detection products based on ICA
产品名称 生产企业 批准国家 批准时间
新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)IgM抗体检测试剂盒(磁微粒化学发光法) 博奥赛斯(重庆)生物科技有限公司 中国 2020.2.29
新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)IgG抗体检测试剂盒(磁微粒化学发光法) 博奥赛斯(重庆)生物科技有限公司 中国 2020.2.29
新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)IgM/IgG抗体检测试剂盒(胶体金法) 迈克生物股份有限公司 中国 2020.5.18
新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)IgM抗体检测试剂盒(磁微粒化学发光法) 深圳市亚辉龙生物科技股份有限公司 中国 2020.9.27
VITROS Immunodiagnostic Products Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Reagent Pack Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, Inc. 美国 2020.4.24
VITROS Immunodiagnostic Products Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Total Reagent Pack Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, Inc. 美国 2020.4.14
ADVIA Centaur SARS-CoV-2 Total (COV2T) Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc. 美国 2020.5.29
Atellica IM SARS-CoV-2 Total (COV2T) Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc. 美国 2020.5.29
Vibrant COVID-19 Ab Assay Vibrant America Clinical Labs 美国 2020.6.4
BioCheck SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibody Test Kit BioCheck, Inc. 美国 2020.9.9
DiaSorin LIAISON SARS-CoV-2 IgM Assay DiaSorin, Inc. 美国 2020.9.29
Access SARS-CoV-2 IgM Beckman Coulter, Inc. 美国 2020.10.8
Q-Plex SARS-CoV-2 Human IgG (4 Plex) Quansys Biosciences, Inc. 美国 2020.10.28
Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S Roche Diagnostics, Inc. 美国 2020.11.25
Table 7 Examples of SARS-CoV-2 detection products based on CLIA
产品名称 生产企业 批准国家 批准时间
Sofia SARS Antigen FIA Quidel Corporation 美国 2020.5.8
BD Veritor System for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Becton, Dickinson and Company (BD) 美国 2020.7.23
LumiraDx SARS-CoV-2 Ag Test LumiraDx UK Ltd. 美国 2020.8.18
BinaxNOW COVID-19 Ag Card Abbott Diagnostics Scarborough, Inc. 美国 2020.8.26
Sofia 2 Flu + SARS Antigen FIA Quidel Corporation 美国 2020.10.2
CareStart COVID-19 Antigen test Access Bio, Inc. 美国 2020.10.8
Sampinute COVID-19 Antigen MIA Celltrion USA, Inc. 美国 2020.10.23
Table 8 Examples of SARS-CoV-2 detection products for antigen testing
[1]   World Health Organization. WHO coronavirus disease (COVID-19). [2020-09-24].https://covid19.who.int/.
[2]   Mizumoto K, Kagaya K, Zarebski A, et al. Estimating the asymptomatic proportion of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases on board the Diamond Princess cruise ship, Yokohama,Japan, 2020. Euro Surveill, 2020,25(10): DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2020.25.10.2000180.
doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.10.2000180 pmid: 32183930
[3]   Sheridan C. Coronavirus and the race to distribute reliable diagnostics. Nature Biotechnology, 2020,38(4):382-384.
[4]   Wang W L, Xu Y L, Gao R Q, et al. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in different types of clinical specimens. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 2020,323(18):1843-1844.
[5]   Wu J G, Liu J S, Li S J, et al. Detection and analysis of nucleic acid in various biological samples of COVID-19 patients. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 2020,37:101673.
pmid: 32311437
[6]   U.S. Food & Drug Administration. Accelerated emergency use authorization (EUA) summary SARS-CoV-2 ASSAY. [2020-9-24]. www.fda.gov/media/136875/download.
[7]   Carter L J, Garner L V, Smoot J W, et al. Assay techniques and test development for COVID-19 diagnosis. ACS Central Science, 2020,6(5):591-605.
pmid: 32382657
[8]   U.S. Food & Drug Administration.ePlex?SARS-CoV-2 test assay manual. [2020-9-24]. https://www.fda.gov/media/136282/download.
[9]   Cepheid. XpertfiXpress SARS-CoV-2. [2020-9-24]. https://www.cepheid.com/coronavirus.
[10]   马丽敏, 卢亦愚. 核酸等温扩增技术研究进展. 浙江预防医学, 2013,25(1):24-27.
[10]   Ma L M, Lu Y Y. Research progress in isothermal amplification of nucleic acids. Zhejiang Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2013,25(1):24-27.
[11]   Joung J, Ladha A, Saito M, et al. Point-of-care testing for COVID-19 using SHERLOCK diagnostics med Rxiv. 2020,5:20091231.
[12]   Smithgall M C, Scherberkova I, Whittier S, et al. Comparison of Cepheid Xpert Xpress and Abbott ID Now to Roche cobas for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2. Journal of Clinical Virology, 2020,128:104428.
doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104428 pmid: 32434706
[13]   高闪电, 常惠芸, 独军政, 等. 转录介导的扩增技术及其在诊断中的应用. 中国生物工程杂志, 2010,30(4):120-124.
[13]   Gao S D, Chang H Y, Du J Z, et al. Transcription mediated amplification and its applications in diagnosis. China Biotechnology, 2010,30(4):120-124.
[14]   East-Seletsky A, O’Connell M R, Knight S C , et al. Two distinct RNase activities of CRISPR-C2c2 enable guide-RNA processing and RNA detection. Nature, 2016,538(7624):270-273.
doi: 10.1038/nature19802 pmid: 27669025
[15]   Gootenberg J S, Abudayyeh O O, Lee J W, et al. Nucleic acid detection with CRISPR-Cas13a/C2c2 Science, 2017,356(6336):438-442.
doi: 10.1126/science.aam9321 pmid: 28408723
[16]   Joung J, Ladha A, Saito M, et al. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 with SHERLOCK one-pot testing. New England Journal of Medicine, 2020,383(15):1492-1494.
[17]   Chen J S, Ma E B, Harrington L B, et al. CRISPR-Cas12a target binding unleashes indiscriminate single-stranded DNase activity. Science, 2018,360(6387):436-439.
pmid: 29449511
[18]   Shen M Z, Zhou Y, Ye J W, et al. Recent advances and perspectives of nucleic acid detection for coronavirus. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2020,10(2):97-101.
doi: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.02.010 pmid: 32292623
[19]   Tian B, Gao F, Fock J, et al. Homogeneous circle-to-circle amplification for real-time optomagnetic detection of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp coding sequence. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2020,165:112356.
doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112356 pmid: 32510339
[20]   Guo X, Geng P, Wang Q, et al. Development of a single nucleotide polymorphism DNA microarray for the detection and genotyping of the SARS coronavirus. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2014,24(10):1445-1454.
pmid: 24950883
[21]   Hedde P N, Abram T J, Jain A, et al. A modular microarray imaging system for highly specific COVID-19 antibody testing. Lab on a Chip, 2020,20(18):3302-3309.
doi: 10.1039/d0lc00547a pmid: 32743622
[22]   陶悦, 傅启华, 莫茜. 病原宏基因组测序在新型冠状病毒检测中的应用与挑战. 中华检验医学杂志, 2020,43(3):217-220.
[22]   Tao Y, Fu Q H, Mo Q. Application and challenge of metagenome sequencing in detection of SARS-CoV-2. Chinese Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 2020,43(3):217-220.
[23]   Wang M, Fu A, Hu B S, et al. Nanopore targeted sequencing for the accurate and comprehensive detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 and other respiratory viruses. Small, 2020,16(32):e2002169.
doi: 10.1002/smll.202002169 pmid: 32578378
[24]   任志奇, 吴英松, 刘天才. 新型免疫层析技术的研究进展. 广东医学, 2013,34(2):312-314.
[24]   Ren Z Q, Wu Y S, Liu T C. Research progress of new immunochromatography technology. Guangdong Medical Journal, 2013,34(2):312-314.
[25]   万孚生物. 万孚生物:国内首个新冠病毒抗体检测试剂获证上市. [2020-02-24]. http://gdsta.cn/Item/30307.aspx.
[25]   Wondfo. China’s first SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection kit has been listed on the market. [2020-02-24]. http://gdsta.cn/Item/30307.aspx.
[26]   李晓非, 刘贵明, 李婉澜, 等. 化学发光法检测新型冠状病毒抗体在临床的应用价值. 山东大学学报(医学版), 2020,58(5):46-50.
[26]   Li X F, Liu G M, Li W L, et al. Application value of chemiluminescent immunoassay in the detection of 2019-nCoV antibodies. Journal of Shandong University (Health Sciences), 2020,58(5):46-50.
[27]   雍黎. 化学发光法新冠病毒抗体检测试剂盒上市. [2020-03-06]. http://digitalpaper.stdaily.com/http_www.kjrb.com/kjrb/html/2020-03/06/content_440863.htm?spm=C73544894212.P26359761204.0.0&div=-1.
[27]   Yong L. SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection kit based on chemiluminescence has been listed on the market. [2020-03-06]. http://digitalpaper.stdaily.com/http_www.kjrb.com/kjrb/html/2020-03/06/content_440863.htm?spm=C73544894212.P26359761204.0.0&div=-1.
[28]   Lawler R. Abbott’s 15-minute, $5 COVID-19 test gets FDA authorization. [2020-08-27]. https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/technology/abbott-s-15-minute-5-covid-19-test-gets-fda-authorization/ar-BB18pyx6.
[29]   Stanley S. PathSensors, Inc Announced the Development of a SARS-CoV-2 Biosensor. [2020-03-24]. https://pathsensors.com/psi-sars-cov-2-biosensor/.
[30]   Optics Org. CONVAT project aims for point-of-care Covid-19 diagnosis. [2020-04-08]. https://optics.org/news/11/4/13.
[31]   李庆梅, 张亮亮, 张洪, 等. 基于纳米技术的病原微生物核酸快速检测研究进展. 临床检验杂志, 2019,37(7):491-494.
[31]   Li Q M, Zhang L L, Zhang H, et al. Research progress of rapid detection of nucleic acid for pathogenic microorganism based on Nanotechnology. Chinese Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science, 2019,37(7):491-494.
[32]   Moitra P, Alafeef M, Dighe K, et al. Selective naked-eye detection of SARS-CoV-2 mediated by N gene targeted antisense oligonucleotide capped plasmonic nanoparticles. ACS Nano, 2020,14(6):7617-7627.
doi: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03822 pmid: 32437124
[33]   李纯, 庄颖娜. 中国军地联合研制新型纳米材料新冠病毒抗体检测试剂盒. [2020-07-07]. https://www.sohu.com/a/406193275_123753.
[33]   Li C, Zhuang Y N. Chinese military and local governments jointly develop a new nano material for SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection kit. [2020-07-07]. https://www.sohu.com/a/406193275_123753.
[34]   Zhu G K, Li J, Meng Z, et al. Learning from large-scale wearable device data for predicting the epidemics trend of COVID-19. Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, 2020,2020:1-8.
[35]   Hoilett O. Detect CoVID-19 symptoms using wearable device and Ai. [2020-07-11]. https://hackaday.com/2020/07/11/detect-covid-19-symptoms-using-wearable-device-and-ai/.
[36]   Eversden A. What does military AI need to detect COVID? Data from wearables. [2020-09-23]. https://www.c4isrnet.com/artificial-intelligence/2020/09/22/what-does-military-ai-need-to-detect-covid-data-from-wearables/.
[37]   Rossignol J. Apple watch powers three new health studies focused on asthma, heart failure, and early detection of COVID-19. [2020-09-15]. https://www.macrumors.com/2020/09/15/apple-watch-health-research-studies/.
[38]   World Health Organization. A coordinated global research roadmap:2019Novel Coronavirus. [2020-09-24]. https://www.who.int/blueprint/priority-diseases/key-action/Coronavirus_Roadmap_V9.pdf?ua=1.
[1] YUN Tao,GONG Yue,GU Peng,XU Bing-bing,LI Jin,ZHAO Xi-chen. Present Situation and Prospect of International S&T Cooperation between China and Countries Participating in the “Belt and Road” Initiative to Combat COVID-19[J]. China Biotechnology, 2021, 41(7): 110-121.
[2] CHEN Chen,HU Jin-chao,CAO Shan-shan,MEN Dong. The Development of Antigen Testing for SARS-CoV-2[J]. China Biotechnology, 2021, 41(6): 119-128.
[3] SHI Rui,YAN Jing-hua. Research Progress of Neutralizing Antibody Drugs against SARS-CoV-2[J]. China Biotechnology, 2021, 41(6): 129-135.
[4] ZHANG Sai,WANG Gang,LIU Zhong-ming,LI Hui-jun,WANG Da-ming,QIAN Chun-gen. Development and Performance Evaluation of a Rapid Antigen Test for SARS-CoV-2[J]. China Biotechnology, 2021, 41(5): 27-34.
[5] WU Rui-jun,LI Zhi-fei,ZHANG Xin,PU Run,AO Yi,SUN Yan-rong. Development and Prospect of Antibody Drugs for SARS-CoV-2[J]. China Biotechnology, 2020, 40(5): 1-6.
[6] XIE Hua-ling,LV Lu-cheng,YANG Yan-ping. Patent Analysis of Global Coronavirus Vaccine[J]. China Biotechnology, 2020, 40(1-2): 57-64.
[7] PAN Tong-tong,CHEN Yong-ping. Research Progress of Key Techniques for Severe/Critical Type of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia[J]. China Biotechnology, 2020, 40(1-2): 78-83.
[8] LIN Fu-yu,LIU Jin-yi,CHENG Yong-qing. Progress of Interferon α1b Research and Clinical Use Against SARS-CoV-2[J]. China Biotechnology, 2020, 40(12): 1-7.
[9] LIAO Xiao-yan,CHEN Li-li. The Progress in the Development of COVID-19 Vaccine[J]. China Biotechnology, 2020, 40(12): 8-17.