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| Recent Progress in the Functional Research of PMEIs |
XIONG Yuan,REN Xiang-xiang,ZHU Hui,REN Xin-yi,PAN Zi-yang,SU Tao*( ) |
| Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China |
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Abstract The cell wall is a complex and dynamic network structure, playing a vital regulatory role in plant growth and development, stress response, and immune resistance. As the main polysaccharide component in the primary cell wall structure, pectin is composed of homogalacturonic acid (HG), the most abundant linear polymer. The degree of methyl esterification of HG leads to its enzymatic hydrolysis to form a gel, thus affecting the stability of the pectin structure. Depending on post-translational mechanisms, pectin methylesterase inhibitors (PMEIs) regulate the PME activity by fine-tuning the balance of methyl esterification of pectin polysaccharides to maintain cell wall integrity and biomechanical properties. An increasing number of studies have shown that PMEI-PME interaction modulates the homeostasis of pectin methyl esterification, which is a crucial factor determining cell adhesion, cell wall porosity, elasticity, and organ morphogenesis. It is also an associated molecular pattern of cell wall-mediated immune response to environmental cues by releasing the anti-stress signals. This review presents the recent research progress on the physiological importance of PMEIs in regulating plant growth and development, especially regulatory mechanisms underlying the function of the stress tolerance in response to various stress stimuli. Since much remains unknown concerning the in vivo activity and regulatory mechanisms of PMEIs in woody plants, this review provides a theoretical basis and strategic reference for future research.
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Received: 17 April 2022
Published: 07 September 2022
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Corresponding Authors:
Tao SU
E-mail: sutao@njfu.edu.cn
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