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中国生物工程杂志

CHINA BIOTECHNOLOGY
中国生物工程杂志
中国生物工程杂志  2023, Vol. 43 Issue (2/3): 152-164    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2209025
综述     
微生物解聚木质素合成聚羟基脂肪酸脂的研究进展*
尚华蓉,孙建中,朱道辰**()
江苏大学生物质能源研究院 环境与安全工程学院 镇江 212013
Research Progress of Microbial Depolymerization of Lignin to Synthesize Polyhydroxyalkanoates
SHANG Hua-rong,SUN Jian-zhong,ZHU Dao-chen**()
Jiangsu University,School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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摘要：

聚羟基脂肪酸脂(PHAs)作为一种具高生物降解性和易加工性的细胞内储能物质,有希望代替石油基塑料,在全球生物塑料市场受到越来越多的关注。木质素作为地球上最为丰富的天然可再生芳香聚合物,可作为底物通过微生物降解转化为苯酚等单环芳香化合物,然后芳香化合物进一步转化,最终合成PHAs。综述了木质素降解转化合成PHAs的微生物及其相关途径,阐述了目前存在的问题和困难。深入探讨了提高木质素降解转化合成PHAs的生产效率及产物性能的研究进展。同时提出了木质素转化合成PHAs面临的挑战以及对未来发展的展望。
关键词： 木质素;  聚羟基脂肪酸脂(PHAs);  发酵;  基因工程;  代谢调控;  生物转化    
Abstract:

Polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHAs)as a kind of intracellular energy storage material with high biodegradability and easy processing, are expected to replace petroleum based plastics and have attracted more and more attention in the global bioplastics market. Lignin, as the most abundant natural renewable aromatic polymer on the earth, can be used as a substrate to be converted into monocyclic aromatic compounds such as phenol through microbial degradation, and then synthesize degradable plastic PHAs. In this paper, the microorganisms and related pathways of lignin degradation and transformation to synthesize PHAs are reviewed, and the existing problems and difficulties are described. The research progress on improving the survival efficiency and product performance of PHAs synthesized by lignin degradation and transformation was deeply discussed. At the same time, the challenges faced by the synthesis of PHAs by lignin transformation and the prospects for the future development were put forward.
Key words: Lignin    Polyhydroxyalkanoates    Fermentation    Genetic engineering    Metabolic regulation    Biotransformation
收稿日期: 2022-09-12 出版日期: 2023-03-31
ZTFLH:  Q819  
基金资助: *江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项(BK20220003)
通讯作者: **朱道辰     E-mail: dczhucn@ujs.edu.cn
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引用本文:

尚华蓉, 孙建中, 朱道辰. 微生物解聚木质素合成聚羟基脂肪酸脂的研究进展*[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2023, 43(2/3): 152-164.

SHANG Hua-rong, SUN Jian-zhong, ZHU Dao-chen. Research Progress of Microbial Depolymerization of Lignin to Synthesize Polyhydroxyalkanoates. China Biotechnology, 2023, 43(2/3): 152-164.

链接本文:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/10.13523/j.cb.2209025    或    https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/Y2023/V43/I2/3/152

图1  木质素结构图[12]
木质素种类 菌株 培养条件 时间/h PHAs/(g/L) 参考文献
硫酸盐木质素 P. putida A514 摇瓶发酵 48 0.026 [10]
不溶性硫酸盐木质素 P. putida A514(recombinant) 摇瓶发酵 48 0.16 [10]
含残留糖和木质素的组合碳源 P. putida KT2440 生物炼制 18 1.5 [14]
经前处理的木质素流 P. putida KT2440 摇瓶发酵 18 0.48 [15]
经前处理的木质素流 P. putida KT2440 分批发酵 18 1.0 [15]
乙醇、木质素混合碳源(EDL) P. putida KT2440 摇瓶发酵 96 0.330 [16]
硫酸盐木质素 P. putida NX-1 分批发酵 140 0.114 [17]
富含木质素的纸浆水黑液 Pseudomonas monteilii 分批发酵 120 0.238 [18]
碱木质素 Pseudomonas sp. Q18 摇瓶发酵 - - [19]
木质素 (1 g/L) Oceanimonas doudoroffii JCM21046T 摇瓶发酵 48 0.52 [20]
木质素 (1 g/L) Listonella pelagia 摇瓶发酵 48 - [20]
木质素种类 菌株 培养条件 时间/h PHAs/(g/L) 参考文献
硫酸盐木质素 Cupriavidus basilensis B-8 补料分批发酵 48 0.3194 [21]
NaOH 处理的水稻秸梗(2.88% 木质素) Cupriavidus basilensis B-8 摇瓶发酵 - 0.032 [22]
硫酸盐木质素 Pandoraea sp.ISTKB 摇瓶发酵 96 0.018 [23]
木质素磺酸盐 Burkholderia strain ISTR5 摇瓶发酵 96 0.0115 [24]
硫酸盐木质素 Burkholderia strain ISTR5 摇瓶发酵 96 0.023 [24]
硫酸盐木质素 Pandoraea sp.B-6 摇瓶发酵 7 d 0.1664 [25]
表1  微生物利用木质素产PHAs
图2  木质素解聚成丙酮酸、乙酰辅酶A、琥珀酰辅酶A中间体
图3  中间体合成PHAs
编号 缩写 名称
01 LDH 乳酸脱氢酶
02 PCT 丙酰辅酶A转移酶
03 phaC 聚羟基脂肪酸脂合成酶
04 accA 乙酰辅酶A羧化酶羧化转移酶
05 FabB β-酮酰基合酶
06 FabG 3-氧代酰基-ACP还原酶
07 FabZ 3-羟基酰基脱水酶
08 YgfG 甲基丙二酰辅酶A脱羧酶
09 BktB 酮脂酰硫解酶
10 FabF β-酮脂酰-ACP 合成酶
11 phaG 3-羟基酰基-酰基载体蛋白辅酶
12 Alkk 酰基辅酶A合成酶
13 phaA β-酮硫酶
14 phaB 乙酰乙酰脱氢酶
15 IIvA 苏氨酸脱氢酶
16 SucA/SucD 琥珀酸脱氢酶
17 4HbD 4-羟基丁酸脱氢酶
18 Cat1/Cat2 4-羟基丁酸-CoA转移酶
19 FadE 酰基辅酶A脱氢酶
20 fadB 烯酰辅酶A水合酶
21 ldhA D-乳酸脱氢酶
22 dsdA 丝氨酸脱水酶
23 fadD 酰基辅酶A连接酶
24 phaR 聚羟基烷酸合成阻滞剂
25 phbR PHA合成抑制因子
26 PhaJ 烯酰辅酶A水合酶
27 PhaZ PHAs解聚酶
28 PhaP 颗粒结合蛋白
29 PhaR 调控蛋白
30 PhaI 调控蛋白
31 PhaF 调控蛋白
表2  PHAs合成相关酶
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