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中国生物工程杂志

CHINA BIOTECHNOLOGY
中国生物工程杂志
中国生物工程杂志  2021, Vol. 41 Issue (9): 92-100    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2106041
综述     
孢粉素的物理化学性质和生物医学应用研究进展*
孙莉萍1,**(),徐宛1,李孟伟1,曾茹2,翁建1
1 厦门大学材料学院生物材料系 厦门 361005
2 厦门大学附属第一医院肿瘤内科 厦门 361003
Advances of the Physiochemical Properties of Sporopollenin and Its Biomedical Applications
SUN Li-ping1,**(),XU Wan1,LI Meng-wei1,ZENG Ru2,WENG Jian1
1 Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province, Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
2 Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China
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摘要：

孢粉素是类聚乙烯醇链通过酯键和缩醛高度交联的天然生物高分子,构成花粉和孢子的外壁,能够抵抗物理、化学、生物腐蚀,堪称自然界最坚固的有机物,被誉为植物界的金刚石。孢粉素微囊(SEC)自然界来源丰富、生物相容性好、无免疫原性,表面含有丰富的羧基、羟基和酚基,能够功能化或者与其他纳米材料构建复合材料;其表面丰富的纳米孔道增加了材料的比表面积,有利于捕获癌细胞或目标生物分子。SEC独特的性质使其在药物载体、口服疫苗载体、影像诊断、生物传感、细胞生长支架、微反应器、微型机器人等方面得到广泛的应用。阐述了孢粉素的结构、物理化学性质、制备方法和功能化方面的研究进展, 探讨了孢粉素的应用前景、存在的问题以及未来的发展方向。
关键词： 孢粉素;  花粉;  孢子;  微囊;  药物载体    
Abstract:

Sporopollenin (SP) is a highly cross-linked natural biopolymer composed of polyvinyl alcohol-like unit crosslinked through ester and acetal linkage. SP forms the outer wall of pollen and spore and can resist physical, chemical and biological corrosion. It is the most robust organic compound in nature and is known as the diamond of plant kingdom. Sporopollenin exine capsules (SEC) are abundant in nature. They have good biocompatibility and no immunity. The rich carboxyl, hydroxyl and phenolic groups make SEC easy to be functionalized or complexed with nanomaterials. The plentiful nanochannels on SEC increases their specific surface area, supporting capture of cancer cell and biomolecules. The unique properties of SEC lead to their wide applications in drug delivery carriers, oral vaccine carriers, medical imaging, biosensing, cell growth scaffold, microreactor, micro robot, etc. In this review, the physicochemical properties, preparation methods and functionalization of SP as well as the research progress of SEC are discussed. The application prospect, existing problems and future development direction of SEC are summarized.
Key words: Sporopollenin    Pollen    Spore    Microcapsule    Drug carrier
收稿日期: 2021-06-25 出版日期: 2021-09-30
ZTFLH:  Q819  
基金资助: * 国家自然科学基金(81872415)
通讯作者: 孙莉萍     E-mail: sunliping@xmu.edu.cn
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引用本文:

孙莉萍,徐宛,李孟伟,曾茹,翁建. 孢粉素的物理化学性质和生物医学应用研究进展*[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2021, 41(9): 92-100.

SUN Li-ping,XU Wan,LI Meng-wei,ZENG Ru,WENG Jian. Advances of the Physiochemical Properties of Sporopollenin and Its Biomedical Applications. China Biotechnology, 2021, 41(9): 92-100.

链接本文:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/10.13523/j.cb.2106041    或    https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/Y2021/V41/I9/92

图1  花粉切面的结构
图2  孢粉素的表面形态和化学结构
图3  孢粉素微囊的制备流程
图4  孢粉素微囊在生物医学中的应用
图5  用孢粉素微囊生物传感器检测PSA
图6  孢粉素微囊捕获癌细胞
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