分泌型磷脂酶A2（Secretory Phospholipase A2, sPLA2）是蛇毒的一个重要组分，具有广泛的生物学活性，这些功能的本质是sPLA2分子及结构的多样性，从而引发各样的生理生化反应。本文简要综述了蛇毒sPLA2的结构特征及分子生物学特性，着重论述了sPLA2的生物活性与其结构之间的关系，并对其作用机制和研究热点进行了探讨。

Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) is an important component of snake venom which has a variety of biological activities. They exert their different functions by molecular and structural diversity, eventually triggering kinds of physiological and patho-physiological effects. This review summarized the structure and biological activities of snake venom sPLA2 with emphasizing its relationship between diverse pharmacological effects and structures. In addition, some mechanisms of sPLA2 actions and hot research field of sPLA2 were also discussed.