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中国生物工程杂志

CHINA BIOTECHNOLOGY
中国生物工程杂志
中国生物工程杂志  2024, Vol. 44 Issue (4): 76-87    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2308020
综述     
MXene水凝胶在皮肤创面中的应用研究*
何梦君1,2,王淞2,钱卫3,徐凯1,2,**()
1 武汉科技大学医学院 武汉 430065
2 中部战区总医院 武汉 430070
3 陆军军医大学西南医院烧伤研究所 创伤、烧伤和合并伤国家重点实验室 重庆市疾病蛋白质组学重点实验室 重庆 400038
Recent Advances in MXene Hydrogels for Skin Wound Healing
HE Mengjun1,2,WANG Song2,QIAN Wei3,XU Kai1,2,**()
1 Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
2 General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan 430070, China
3 Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury,Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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摘要：

水凝胶因其能够保持湿润的伤口环境、模仿细胞外基质、封装和输送药物及纳米颗粒并减轻伤口疼痛的特性,被广泛应用于皮肤创面的治疗。然而,传统水凝胶的抗菌和抗炎能力有限,对于高度炎症或微生物污染的伤口(如糖尿病性创伤和严重感染)的治疗效果欠佳。近年来,研究人员开始探索将MXene纳米材料与水凝胶结合应用于创面治疗。MXene是一种二维层状纳米材料,因其卓越的抗菌、抗炎、抗氧化、药物输送和导电性能而广泛被应用于皮肤创面治疗。MXene与水凝胶结合可以有效控制创面感染、清除活性氧并加速创面组织的再生。综述MXene水凝胶在创面愈合方面的最新研究进展,探讨所面临的挑战和未来发展前景。
关键词： MXene;  水凝胶;  创面愈合;  抗炎;  抗菌    
Abstract:

Hydrogels have emerged as a promising treatment for skin wounds due to their ability to maintain a moist wound environment, mimic the extracellular matrix, encapsulate and deliver drugs and nanoparticles, and relieve pain. However, conventional hydrogels may not be effective for wounds with high levels of inflammation or microbial contamination, such as diabetic wounds and severe infections, due to their limited antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Researchers have recently explored the potential of combining hydrogels with MXene nanomaterials to address these challenges. MXene is a two-dimensional layered nanomaterial that is widely employed in skin wound treatment due to its exceptional antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, drug delivery, and conductive properties. Combining MXene with hydrogel has effectively controlled wound infection, removed reactive oxygen species, and accelerated wound tissue regeneration. Furthermore, this combination can enhance the tissue adhesion and stability of MXene while reducing potential side effects associated with systemic administration of MXene. However, a comprehensive review of the MXene hydrogel as a wound dressing is still lacking. This review summarizes the latest research progress on MXene hydrogels for wound healing and discusses their challenges and prospects.
Key words: MXene    Hydrogel    Wound healing    Antibacterial    Anti-inflammatory
收稿日期: 2023-08-14 出版日期: 2024-04-30
ZTFLH:  Q81  
基金资助: * 国家自然科学基金(82102340)
通讯作者: ** 电子信箱:304310404@qq.com   
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引用本文:

何梦君, 王淞, 钱卫, 徐凯. MXene水凝胶在皮肤创面中的应用研究*[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2024, 44(4): 76-87.

HE Mengjun, WANG Song, QIAN Wei, XU Kai. Recent Advances in MXene Hydrogels for Skin Wound Healing. China Biotechnology, 2024, 44(4): 76-87.

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https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/10.13523/j.cb.2308020    或    https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/Y2024/V44/I4/76

图1  MXene水凝胶促进创面愈合的机制 A:MXene水凝胶敷料治疗促进创面愈合的策略:杀灭感染创面上的病原菌,清除创面产生的ROS,调节创面的免疫微环境 B:通过将基于MXene的水凝胶应用于创面,水凝胶能够消除病原菌、清除ROS、促进血管生成,将M1巨噬细胞极化为M2巨噬细胞
分类 水凝胶名称 优点 参考文献
天然水凝胶 海藻酸钠 优良的生物相容性、无毒性、亲水性和止血性 [22]
壳聚糖 优良的生物相容性、抗菌性、细胞黏附性、透氧性,无毒且可降解性 [23]
明胶 优良的生物相容性、高生物活性、低免疫原性、可降解性和低成本 [24]
透明质酸 优良的生物相容性、较好的降解性、高亲水保湿性,调节血管通透性 [25]
葡聚糖 优良的生物相容性、无毒性、吸水性、抗菌性 [26]
合成水凝胶 聚乙二醇 良好的生物相容性、机械性能和无毒性 [27]
聚乙烯醇 良好的生物相容性、高水溶性、保湿性、抗蛋白质吸附和抗黏附性 [28]
聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 良好的生物相容性、吸水性、低毒性和稳定性 [29]
聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺 良好的生物相容性、温敏性 [30]
表1  典型的天然水凝胶和合成水凝胶
图2  MXene结构示意图、剥离过程及扫描电镜图[48] A:MAX相的结构示意图 B:MAX剥离的结构示意图 C:(a)HF蚀刻后Ti3C2 MXene的SEM图像;(b)两步剥离后Ti3C2纳米片的TEM图像
组成成分 策略 主要功能 参考文献
MXene-阿莫西林-聚乙烯醇纳米纤维膜 光热治疗与药物结合 作为阿莫西林和MXene共同负载的物理屏障,表现出高抗菌性能以及加速伤口愈合的能力 [49]
肌肉启发的MXene/聚乙烯醇水凝胶 光热治疗 基于MXene的水凝胶可抑制细菌感染且不会产生耐药性;不仅具有优异的机械性能(应力高达0.5 MPa,应变高达800%),而且可用于NIR激光下感染部位的局部热疗 [50]
基于Ti3C2Tx MXene纳米片的支架 电导率、抗菌活性、止血能力 HPEM支架通过高效的抗炎作用明显加速了MRSA感染的伤口愈合(伤口愈合率为96.31%);增强了正常皮肤细胞的增殖,毒性可以忽略不计 [51]
壳聚糖-透明质酸水凝胶@Ti3C2Tx MXene纳米复合材料 光热治疗 说明了针对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和芽孢杆菌的抗菌性能 [52]
Nb2C MXene钛板(Nb2C@TP)-基底植入物 光热治疗、抗氧化剂 Nb2C@钛板医用植入物可以通过清除感染性微环境中过量的活性氧来减轻促炎反应 [53]
Ti3C2Tx MXene纺织物 电热响应 MXene的类金属导电性使织物具有出色的焦耳热效应,可以有效杀灭感染创面的细菌 [54]
(丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酰胺-多巴胺)共聚物-Ti3C2Tx MXene 抗氧化剂 凝胶具有多种功能,如促进物质运输、抗菌和活性氧清除 [55]
表2  MXene复合材料在创面治疗的应用
图3  基于MXene载药水凝胶治疗创面的示意图[59]
图4  水凝胶促进创面愈合示意图及创面的愈合情况[48] A:HA-DA/MXene@PDA水凝胶在感染的糖尿病创面愈合中的机制 B:不同水凝胶处理的创面在第1、3、6和9天的照片 C:DHE探针检测创面中ROS含量
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