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中国生物工程杂志

CHINA BIOTECHNOLOGY
中国生物工程杂志
中国生物工程杂志  2019, Vol. 39 Issue (6): 55-61    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.20190608
研究报告     
基于核酸适配体的肿瘤免疫治疗进展 *
吕海银,王腾飞,裴仁军()
中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 纳米生物医学研究部 苏州 215123
Progress in Aptamer Based Tumor Immunotherapy
Hai-yin LV,Teng-fei WANG,Ren-jun PEI()
Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics(SINANO),Chinese Academy of Sciences, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou 215123,China
 全文: PDF(548 KB)   HTML
摘要：

肿瘤免疫治疗是通过调节机体的免疫功能来控制和杀伤肿瘤的一种治疗手段。针对免疫检查点的治疗等一系列临床突破使得肿瘤的免疫治疗受到了广泛重视。目前,抗体治疗和过继性细胞治疗是肿瘤免疫治疗的主要方式,但是这些方法仍具有副作用较强,实体瘤治疗难以实现,治疗费用高昂等缺点。因此改进和发展更加高效、安全、低成本的新技术仍十分必要。适配体是利用指数富集的配体系统进化技术筛选得到的单链寡核苷酸,有核酸“抗体”之称。适配体具有低免疫原性、组织穿透力强、易于化学合成与修饰等优势,且与其靶标的结合具有较好亲和力和特异性,可像抗体一样实现肿瘤的免疫治疗。对适配体在肿瘤免疫治疗相关技术中的新应用作一综述,主要包括基于免疫检查点的抗肿瘤作用、双特异性适配体的肿瘤免疫治疗、适配体靶向递送siRNA的肿瘤免疫治疗和适配体联合抗体的肿瘤免疫治疗等方面。
关键词： 适配体;  肿瘤免疫治疗;  双特异性适配体;  免疫检查点    
Abstract:

Tumor immunotherapy is aimed to inhibit the proliferation of tumor cell and kill the tumors through regulating the immunity of the body. In recent years, tumor immunotherapy has gained great progress in clinical practice, especially in the aspect of blocking the immune check point. The main methods for tumor immunotherapy are antibody therapy and adoptive cellular therapy. However, there are some shortages in the present immunotherapy, such as high side effects and high cost for treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new methods that are efficient, safe and low cost. Aptamers are signal-strand DNA or RNA oligo-nucleotides obtained throughout systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX).The aptamers are similar to antibody, which can bind to their targets with high affinity and specificity. Moreover, aptamers have the advantages of low immunogenicity, penetrating tissues easily, convenient chemical synthesis and modification, and have the potential to take the similar role as the antibody for tumor immunotherapy.Presents the new applications of aptamers in cancer immunotherapy was reviewed, mainly including immune checkpoint immunotherapy, bispecific aptamer immunotherapy, aptamer-targeting siRNA immunotherapy and antibody-aptamer combination immunotherapy.
Key words: Aptamer    Tumor immunotherapy    Bispecific aptamer    Immune checkpoint
收稿日期: 2018-11-15 出版日期: 2019-07-12
ZTFLH:  Q5R73  
基金资助: * 国家自然科学基金资助项目(21775160);* 国家自然科学基金资助项目(21575154)
通讯作者: 裴仁军     E-mail: rjpei2011@sinano.ac.cn
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引用本文:

吕海银,王腾飞,裴仁军. 基于核酸适配体的肿瘤免疫治疗进展 *[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2019, 39(6): 55-61.

Hai-yin LV,Teng-fei WANG,Ren-jun PEI. Progress in Aptamer Based Tumor Immunotherapy. China Biotechnology, 2019, 39(6): 55-61.

链接本文:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/10.13523/j.cb.20190608    或    https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/Y2019/V39/I6/55

图1  适配体筛选过程
图2  适配体通过阻断PD1/PD-L1免疫检查点发挥抗肿瘤作用
图3  适配体靶向递送siRNA调节基因表达
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