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| Research Progress of Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles in Anti-tumor Therapy |
MAO Lu-jia1,SHI En-yu1,WANG Han-ping1,SHAN Tian-he2,WANG Yin-song2,WANG Yue1,**( ) |
1 Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
2 Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics (Therasnostics) & School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China |
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Abstract Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are membrane vesicles with a diameter of 20-300 nm secreted during bacterial growth. They are composed of phospholipids, lipopolysaccharides, proteins, RNA or DNA and so on. OMVs contain a large number of bacterial antigens, which enhance the expression of cytokines and costimulatory molecules by initiating signal transduction pathways, promote antigen presentation and effectively activate the immune system. The virulence factors encapsulated in OMVs can be transmitted to host cells, stimulate the interaction between bacteria and host cells, and have inherent anti-tumor activity. OMVs are conducive to engineering design, and also can be used as an efficient drug delivery carrier to achieve the combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy-phototherapy, so as to improve the anticancer ability of drugs. They have a good prospect in tumor immunity, tumor engineering vaccine and drug loading, and are considered to be a new means of anti-tumor therapy. This paper summarizes the research progress of bacterial outer membrane vesicles in tumor therapy from the aspects of structure and components, formation mechanism and anti-tumor mechanism, so as to provide reference for the further study and clinical application of bacterial outer membrane vesicles in the future.
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Received: 20 November 2021
Published: 17 June 2022
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Corresponding Authors:
Yue WANG
E-mail: wangyue1@tmu.edu.cn
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