Abstract The technical requirements of in-situ microscope mounted in biochemical reactor were proposed based on biochemical reactor application. A novel in-situ microscope was designed and manufactured with dark field principle after all principles of in-situ microscopes used currently had been reviewed in detail, the designing principle and structure of a new in-situ microscope was then described. In addition, it was applied to monitor growth of baker yeast and mammalian cell HEK293, respectively. It indecated the cell amount obtained by in-situ microscope was a good agreement with dry cell weight and that determined using haemocytometer，suggested that the designed in-situ microscope could satisfy the requirements of high performance used in bioreactor .
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