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| Enhanced effects of BoNT/A DNA vaccines by electric pulses and bupivacaine |
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Abstract Objective: To determine if suitable electric pulses-mediated DNA and DNA and bupivacaine complexes delivery technologies could enhance effects of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) DNA vaccines in mouse model. Methods: Vaccination of mice i.m. with plasmid DNA replicon vaccine pSCARSHc and conventional plasmid DNA vaccine pcDNASHc following electric pulses and with DNA and bupivacaine complexes. AHc-specific group antibody ELISA titers and lymphocyte proliferative responses of mice were detected and IgG1 and IgG2a isotype profiles were assayed. Results: Immune effects of DNA vaccines were enhanced following electric pulses and bupivacaine delivery. Effects of DNA vaccines following electric pulses were better than that of DNA vaccines formulated with bupivacaine, and the combined delivery technology of electric pulses and bupivacaine induced the highest level of specific antibodies and lymphocyte proliferative responses. Plasmid DNA replicon vaccine pSCARSHc induced relatively higher AHc-specific antibodies and lymphocyte proliferative responses in immunized Balb/c mice than conventional plasmid DNA vaccine pcDNASHc in these DNA delivery technologies. And vaccine pSCARSHc induced Th2/Th1-type immune responses with a general bias to Th2-type, and vaccine pcDNASHc induced Th2-type immune responses. Conclusion: Suitable electric pulsesmediated DNA and DNA and bupivacaine complexes delivery technologies could enhance effects of BoNT/A DNA vaccines in mouse model. Therefore, the methods described here potentially provide suitable strategies in developing an efficacious vaccine against botulinum neurotoxin serotype A.
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Received: 07 January 2009
Published: 06 May 2009
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Corresponding Authors:
YU Yun-Zhou
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