Abstract In response to problems from the development of multi-drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria, it is urgent to find new antimicrobials. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a kind of ideal new antimicrobials with the advantages including their potential for broad-spectrum activity, rapid bactericidal activity and low propensity for resistance development, and have a bright future. Alpha-helical antimicrobial peptides are a main kind of AMPs. The following features was reviewed and elucidated including the structure and activity relationship (SAR) from different aspects including the degree of helicity, hydrophobic moment, hydrophobicity, net positive charges and so on, and the application of SAR on the molecular design and improvement of AMPs.
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