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中国生物工程杂志

China Biotechnology
China Biotechnology
China Biotechnology  2023, Vol. 43 Issue (11): 66-77    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2304009
    
Advances in Programmed Cell Death in Staphylococcus aureus Infection
WU Zhi-hang1,2,3,PAN Hai-bang1,**(),RONG Yao1,TANG Ming-zheng1,CUI Yan1,2,3,WANG Tian-ming1,2,3
1 The First College of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
2 Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for the Creation of New Traditional Chinese Medicine Products,Lanzhou 730000, China
3 Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Formulas Excavation and Innovative Transformation,Lanzhou 730000, China
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Abstract  

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a collective term for the intrinsically regulated death of cells. Different forms of cell death are caused by their own programmed regulation during the growth and development of organisms and stress responses to the environment and diseases. PCD includes apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis. It is not only essential for the growth and development of organisms, but also plays an important role in intervening in the process of pathogens invasion. Staphylococcus aureus can regulate various forms of PCD such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis and autophagy in host cells, thereby affecting bacterial infection. This article reviews the crosstalk between Staphylococcus aureus infection and PCD to further understand the relationship between Staphylococcus aureus and cell death, in order to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical Staphylococcus aureus infection.

Key words： Programmed cell death (PCD)      Staphylococcus aureus      Apoptosis      Pyroptosis Autophagy      Ferroptosis     
Received: 04 April 2023      Published: 01 December 2023
ZTFLH:  Q93  
Corresponding Authors: **Hai-bang PAN     E-mail: phbwbb@126.com
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WU Zhi-hang
PAN Hai-bang
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CUI Yan
WANG Tian-ming
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WU Zhi-hang, PAN Hai-bang, RONG Yao, TANG Ming-zheng, CUI Yan, WANG Tian-ming. Advances in Programmed Cell Death in Staphylococcus aureus Infection. China Biotechnology, 2023, 43(11): 66-77.

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https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/10.13523/j.cb.2304009     OR     https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/Y2023/V43/I11/66

Fig.1 Apoptosis and pyroptosis mechanism diagram
Fig.2 Necroptosis and autophagy mechanism diagram
死亡类型 金黄色葡萄球菌细菌产物 受影响细胞 作用机制
细胞凋亡 α-溶血素 单核细胞 钾离子外流与线粒体膜电位破坏;二价钙离子超载
杀白细胞素(PVL) 白细胞 裂解白细胞
肠毒素B 单核细胞 上调单核细胞中TNF-α表达,外在途径诱导细胞凋亡
肠毒素H 牛乳腺上皮细胞 产生细胞毒性作用
肠毒素M 牛乳腺上皮细胞 促进TNF-α、IL-6、MCP-1、ICAM-1产生,激活NF-κB
EsxA、EsxB 上皮细胞 释放金黄色葡萄球菌,加重细菌感染
核酸酶和腺苷合成酶A 中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞 在中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网(NETs)中产生脱氧腺苷(dAdo),dAdo通过核苷转运蛋白1(hENT1)转运到巨噬细胞内,激活Caspase-3所依赖的细胞凋亡
中毒性休克综合征毒素-1(TSST-1) 血小板 激活Caspases-3,Bak上调和Bcl-XL下调,诱导血小板凋亡
葡萄球菌B 吞噬细胞 选择性切割吞噬细胞上的CD11b,表达磷脂酰丝氨酸;减少感染部位吞噬细胞的数量,促进金黄色葡萄球菌定植和传播
毒力因子蛋白A 成骨细胞 与成骨细胞直接结合,抑制成骨细胞增殖
焦亡 α-溶血素 巨噬细胞 激活NLRP3、Caspase-1依赖的焦亡途径
- 中性粒细胞 NLRP6负调控中性粒细胞;中性粒细胞募集增加、细菌杀伤力增强、ROS产生增多
杀白细胞素PVL 巨噬细胞、上皮细胞 刺激肺泡巨噬细胞释放IL-1β,IL-1β刺激肺上皮细胞分泌IL-8和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1
杀白细胞素AB 吞噬细胞、THP-1单核细胞 激活Caspase-1,促进IL-1β分泌并引起由ASC、NLRP3和LukAB受体CD11b介导的THP-1单核细胞坏死、焦亡
脂磷壁酸LTA 巨噬细胞 诱导NLRP6介导的Caspase-11激活,促进Caspase-1活化,释放IL-1β和IL-18,引起巨噬细胞焦亡
- 角质形成细胞 促进IL-1β、IL-18表达
- 乳腺上皮细胞 钾离子外排激活NLRP3炎症小体,导致ASC募集和Caspase-1活化,Caspase-1催化Gasdermin D形成N端活性产物GSDMD-NT,导致促炎细胞因子IL-1β、IL-18释放
- 小胶质细胞 诱导NLRP3炎症小体、凋亡相关斑点样蛋白(ASC),引起IL-1β、IL-18释放
穿孔素-2 表皮细胞 AIM2炎症小体活化,减少ASC、IL-1β生成,抑制表皮细胞焦亡与炎症反应
- 神经细胞 AIM2炎性小体引起ASC和Caspase-1募集,诱导炎症因子IL-1β释放
坏死性凋亡 α-毒素 上皮细胞 -
酚溶性调节肽PSM 吞噬细胞 诱导MLKL磷酸化,激活吞噬细胞坏死性凋亡
葡萄球菌超抗原蛋白SSL10 - 与TNFR1受体结合,激活信号通路RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL和RIPK3-钙调蛋白依赖激酶II(CaMKII)-线粒体膜通透性转换孔(mPTP)通路
自噬 - 中性粒细胞PMN 与LC3-II和选择性自噬接头蛋白p62相关
- 牛巨噬细胞 自噬囊泡和LC3增加,p62减少
- 牛乳腺上皮细胞 LC3-II和选择性自噬接头蛋白p62表达增加,促进自噬体形成
- 巨噬细胞 激活磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B/Bcl-2同源结构域蛋白(PI3K/Akt/Beclin-1)信号通路抑制自噬
- 肥大细胞 激活PI3K/Akt信号通路抑制自噬,刺激肥大细胞释放炎症因子
- 牛乳腺上皮细胞 激活牛乳腺上皮细胞中的p38MAPK信号通路,磷酸化MAPK14,激活的MAPK14抑制自噬体成熟,阻止自噬体与酸性溶酶体融合,减少金黄色葡萄球菌诱导的细胞内自噬流动,下调LC3II/LC3I值并升高p62水平
- 巨噬细胞 TLR2/4受体被激活,磷酸化的JNK和ERK1/2通过MyD88介导的TAK1信号级联反应,促进巨噬细胞LC3合成,且通过cAMP-PKA-NF-κB-ATGs信号转导增加ATG5和ATG12转录,促进巨噬细胞自噬溶酶体形成
Table 1 Staphylococcus aureus intervention in programmed cell death
Fig.3 Ferroptosis mechanism diagram
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