Advances in Aromatic L-amino Acid Decarboxylases

doi:10.13523/j.cb.2303011

China Biotechnology

2023, Vol. 43

Issue (9): 105-112 DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2303011

Advances in Aromatic L-amino Acid Decarboxylases

LIU Qing-hao¹,LI Chen-xi¹,BAO Xin-ru¹,QI Feng^1,^2,^**(

)

1 National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Industrial Microbial Fermentation Technology, College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
2 Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350108, China

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Abstract

Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC)’s role in living organisms is to decarboxylate aromatic L-amino acids into aromatic monoamines, and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) is an essential coenzyme for its catalytic function. AADCs transform aromatic L-amino acids to aromatic monoamines, mainly including dopamine, serotonin, tyramine, and tryptamine. These aromatic monoamines are neurotransmitters that maintain normal physiological functions in living organisms and are also important precursors involved in the synthesis of some compounds. Futhermore, they can also be used as active ingredients in drugs to participate in the treatment of many human diseases, with promising applications. As the enzymes necessary for the biosynthesis of aromatic monoamines, AADCs have attracted more researches’ attention, and great progress has also been made in the biosynthesis of aromatic monoamines based on AADCs. Here several major AADCs are reviewed to provide references for better applications of AADCs in the biosynthesis of aromatic monoamines.

Key words： Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase Aromatic monoamines Protein structure Directed remodelling

Received: 04 March 2023 Published: 08 October 2023

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Cite this article:

LIU Qing-hao, LI Chen-xi, BAO Xin-ru, QI Feng. Advances in Aromatic L-amino Acid Decarboxylases. China Biotechnology, 2023, 43(9): 105-112.

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https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/10.13523/j.cb.2303011 OR https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/Y2023/V43/I9/105

Fig.1 Reactions catalyzed by different AADCs

Fig.2 Combination of CrTDC and PLP

Fig.3 Reaction mechanism of CrTDC catalyzed substrate decarboxylation

Fig.4 Phylogenetic analysis of ADCs The ADCs were designated by the UniProt code

Fig.5 Comparison of the amino acid sequences and protein structures of AADCs (a)Comparison of amino acid sequences of several TDC, DDC, and plant TyDC. The amino acids in their substrate binding pockets were marked with ▲, and the inconsistent amino acids in their substrate binding pockets were marked with □ (b)Protein structures of different AADCs (c)Substrate binding pockets of different AADCs


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