Molecular Diagnostic POCT Technology and Its Application in Emerging Infectious Diseases

doi:10.13523/j.cb.2204057

China Biotechnology

2022, Vol. 42

Issue (9): 50-57 DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2204057

Molecular Diagnostic POCT Technology and Its Application in Emerging Infectious Diseases

GUO Yan-tong^1,²,LIU Zhong-ming¹,ZHANG Hai-yan^1,^**(

),ZHANG Bao^2,^**(

)

1. PLA Southern Theater Command General Hospital, Guangzhou 510010, China
2. BSL-3 Laboratory(Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China

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Abstract

The development and application of molecular point-of-care (POCT) technology has been noticed in recent years because of its high sensitivity, fast analysis speed, small size, and low detection cost. The development and application of molecular POCT technology is of great significance for protecting human life and health and coping with the threat of emerging and sudden infectious diseases. In this paper, several emerging molecular POCT technologies in the past five years, focusing on describing the latest research progress, and their application prospects were introduced. The advantages and challenges of molecular POCT were discussed, as well as the technical strategies to improve its detection sensitivity and selectivity.

Key words： Point-of-care testing (POCT) Molecular diagnostics Emerging infectious diseases Biosafety

Received: 22 April 2022 Published: 10 October 2022

ZTFLH:

R446

Corresponding Authors: Hai-yan ZHANG,Bao ZHANG E-mail: zhanghaiyan1998@126.com;zhang20051005@126.com

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	Yan-tong GUO
	Zhong-ming LIU
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Cite this article:

GUO Yan-tong,LIU Zhong-ming,ZHANG Hai-yan,ZHANG Bao. Molecular Diagnostic POCT Technology and Its Application in Emerging Infectious Diseases. China Biotechnology, 2022, 42(9): 50-57.

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https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/10.13523/j.cb.2204057 OR https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/Y2022/V42/I9/50

Fig.1 Schematics of the i-Genbox^[9] (a) A tilted view of the i-Genbox (b) A backside view of the i-Genbox (c) A side view of the i-Genbox (d) The LAMP chip is designed with 7 chambers that are covered by an adhesive flm in both sides

Fig.2 Preparation of the ECL biosensor for the detection of miRNA-155 based on a paper-based BPE^[16]

Fig.3 Layer-by-layer assembly of the wearable devices^[21]

Fig.4 Automated CRISPR microfluidic chip for Ebola virus detection^[24] (a) Design of the CRISPR microfluidic chip (b) Blow up of design of the fluidic layer (c) Open (left) and closed (right) states of a microvalve

Fig.5 Filtration-assisted magnetofluidic blood-to-PCR^[25] (a) Filtration-assisted magnetofluidic blood-to-PCR workflow (b) 2-Axis magnet arm and PCR reaction tank

Table 1 Commercial molecular POCT devices for pathogen detection

技术名称	检测对象	样品用量 /μL	评价	来源
基于智能手机的RT-LAMP反应POCT	SARS-CoV-2 RNA	20	免核酸提取,反应耗时30 min,测试结果与传统RT-PCR仪结果一致	[38]
基于智能手机的超级三明治电化学生物传感器(纳米金颗粒标记的捕获探针+Au@SCX8-RGO-TB纳米材料)	SARS-CoV-2 RNA	10	需要核酸提取,实现了对各种临床咽拭子样本中SARS-CoV-2样本的灵敏、准确、快速检测,阳性检出率为88.2%,而RT-qPCR法为70.59%	[39]
基于3D打印的便携POCT仪器	ZIKV RNA	100	RNA自动提取由3D打印机完成,整个ZIKV检测在27~30 min内完成	[40]
基于LAMP的手驱动微流体芯片	沙门氏菌DNA	2	一种手指驱动DNA提取,荧光成像肉眼可视,快速便捷的POCT检测平台	[41]
基于LAMP的微流体芯片	疱疹病毒DNA	200	需要DNA提取,反应耗时30 min左右	[42]
转化纳米粒子的侧向流动检测(upconversion nanoparticle-based lateral flowassays, UCNP-LFAs)	乙肝病毒DNA	200	需要核酸提取,智能手机作为阅读器,检测核酸的荧光强度低于金标准	[43]
柔性纳米株电化学传感器	沙门氏菌DNA	200	针对食源性疾病病原体,需核酸提取,提供便携、低成本、可靠的POCT检测平台	[44]
基于智能手机平台LFA检测	SARS-CoV-2 RNA	140	免RNA提取,智能手机进行控制、数据处理与分析	[45]
基于LAMP的纳米放大比色法	SARS-CoV-2 RNA	4	免RNA提取,检测的准确性、敏感度和特异度分别大于98.4%、96.6%和100%	[46]
螺旋环介导等温扩增(helical loop mediated isothermal amplification,HAMP)	MERS RNA	2	需RNA提取,反应耗时75 min,采用羟基纳普特霍尔蓝(hydroxy naphthol blue,HNB)作为染色指标进行视觉分析	[47]
逆转录绝热等温PCR	登革热病毒 RNA	5	需核酸提取,一种快速、特异、灵敏的POCT检测系统,可用于登革热病毒感染的常规诊断	[48]
重组酶聚合酶扩增反应	EBOV RNA	10	检测耗时20 min,以PT-PCR为金标准,检测EBOV的敏感度为97%,特异度为97%	[49]

Table 2 Example of molecular POCT diagnosis in emerging infectious diseases


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