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| Intestinal Microflora and Its Metabolites in Relation to the Pathogenesis and Intervention of T2DM |
GAN Qiao,MENG Qing-xiong**( ) |
| Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, China |
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Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease caused by insufficient insulin secretion or insulin resistance. The rapid increase in the number of patients with T2DM makes the treatment and prevention of T2DM an urgent problem in the world. With the advancement of microbiome technology, the research on the intestinal flora, its metabolites and the T2DM has gradually deepened. Perhaps the intestinal flora can be used as a target for the treatment and prevention of T2DM. The potential mechanism of intestinal flora acting on T2DM is reviewed. It mainly participates in the inflammatory response in the body, increasing the production of intestinal short-chain fatty acids, regulating the metabolism of intestinal bile acids and their product distribution, and ajusting the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids. Currently, drugs for T2DM may have some side effects. Measures based on the intestinal flora to intervene in T2DM are relatively safe and harmless. Long-term intake of a strictly controlled diet with a specific structure can be used to control blood sugar or increase the long-term intake of probiotics. It can also affect the ecological structure of the intestinal flora through oral administration. Sugar drugs (metformin and acarbose) effectively regulate blood sugar levels. The potential mechanism of T2DM induced by the intestinal flora and its metabolites is reviewed, and measures for the intervention of T2DM based on the intestinal flora are also discussed. In addition, new methods for the treatment of T2DM from a new perspective of the intestinal flora are explored, which may provide a thorough treatment of T2DM in the future.
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Received: 27 August 2021
Published: 07 April 2022
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Corresponding Authors:
Qing-xiong MENG
E-mail: qxmeng@sina.com
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