以猕猴桃种间杂种品种‘江山娇’（Actinidia chinensis Planch×A.eriantha Benth）与中华猕猴桃（A.chinensis Planch）雄株杂交得到的杂交后代群体为实验材料,于2012、2013和2016年分别对该群体的雌雄性别比及其开花性状进行了调查。结果表明,杂交群体的雌雄性别比例小于1∶1,即雄株偏多。杂交后代的花瓣颜色以红色为基础,但红色的分布区域、深浅及类型出现明显分离。聚类分析显示,这些杂交后代可通过花瓣CMYK色卡取值分为4个类群,其中猩红色与紫罗兰红色2个变异类型与观察表型完全一致。杂交后代群体的始花期、开花天数、花朵大小、开花量及单花花瓣数等性状均出现广泛分离,且因不同年份而出现变化。群体中杂交个体进入始花期的平均时间跨度为14 d,群体的始花期进入高峰时个体平均比例仅占群体的25.5%。2016年群体开花时间最长,最多有47.4%的个体开放10~13 d;2013年杂交群体的开放时间最短,有55.2%的后代开花3~5 d。本研究筛选出一批花瓣数多、花朵较大或单花序花朵较多的优良单株,并在后代群体中共发现21个含不同花数的花序组合类型。

<p>研究贵长猕猴桃果肉多糖、果皮多糖的提取工艺及体外抗氧化能力。采用正交试验优化贵长猕猴桃果肉、果皮多糖提取工艺参数，蒽酮-硫酸法测定多糖含量；用邻苯三酚自氧化及Fenton反应法测定贵长猕猴桃多糖抗氧化活性。结果表明：果肉多糖最优提取工艺参数为提取温度80 ℃、提取时间2 h、料液比1∶35（g/mL），重复提取3 次，多糖提取率可达1.74%；果皮多糖最优提取工艺参数为提取温度70 ℃、提取时间2 h、料液比1∶25（g/mL），重复提取3 次，多糖提取率可达1.16%。贵长猕猴桃果肉粗多糖、果皮粗多糖对O2 － &bull;和&bull;OH均具有很好的清除作用，果肉多糖清除O2 － &bull;和&bull;OH的IC50分别是12.4、41.3 &mu;g/mL，果皮多糖清除2 种自由基的IC50分别是84.1、50.8 &mu;g/mL。</p>

It has been briefly studied and reported that Actinidia chinensis , one of economic woody plants, has been bred with the method of plant tissue culture. Aim at the shortage of traditional plant tissue culture ways which ignored the refinement and transplant of test-tube seedling, it strengthen the study to breeding and management of Actinidia chinensis seedlings before they grow up and become mature seedlings. Through our explore, the transplant survive rate of tissue-culture seedlings attain to about 85%.This study is the improvement to traditional breeding seedling means and it is helpful to the rapid propagation of those economic woody plants.

以"金富"猕猴桃的单芽茎段为外植体进行离体培养和植株再生的优化研究.结果表明,以MS+6-BA1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L作增殖继代培养基为宜,以1/2MS+NAA 0.3 mg/L作生根培养基为宜.适当浓度的6-BA对猕猴桃的不定芽增殖有明显的促进作用,而对茎伸长却有抑制作用,6-BA和NAA配合使用可促进芽苗主茎伸长,对改善猕猴桃植株组培苗质量有较好的作用.炼苗移栽成活率达到94%以上.

本文根据眉县地处秦岭北麓的地理位置及气候条件,结合近几年眉县猕猴桃果业生产实践经验,总结出的一套红阳猕猴桃优质丰产栽培技术措施。对眉县及周边地区发展优质猕猴桃产业具有参考价值。

陕西秦岭北麓渭河以南和汉中巴山是世界最大的猕猴桃集中产区,发展猕猴桃具有得天独厚的条件。本期,我们集中关注猕猴桃生产、贮藏、市场营销等方面的话题,希望对果农有所启迪和帮助。同时,也希望更多的人来关注猕猴桃产业,适时总结传播生产经营过程中的宝贵经验。下期,我们将特别关注与果树嫁接相关的话题,欢迎积极参与。

以欧报春(Primula vularis)种子上下胚轴为外植体,通过外植体的消毒、丛生芽诱导和增殖、生根、炼苗和移栽等技术的研究,筛选出各阶段的最佳培养基配方,从而建立欧报春的再生体系。结果表明:欧报春种子上胚轴能诱导出不定芽,但下胚轴不能。欧报春上胚轴不定芽诱导最佳培养基为MS+NAA 0.4 mg/L+6-BA 0.6 mg/L,诱导率达21.67%;丛生芽增殖的最佳培养基为MS+NAA 0.6 mg/L+6-BA 0.5 mg/L,诱导率达62.96%;生根最佳培养基为MS培养基,诱导率达95.59%;最佳移栽基质为草炭:珍珠岩=3:1(体积比)的混合基质,移栽成活率可达96.67%。

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蓝莓作为具有保健功能的新型水果,营养丰富且风味独特,发展前景非常广阔,并形成了特色优势产业。本综述根据已发表的蓝莓组织培养文献,综述了蓝莓组织培养中外植体的选择与预处理、培养基的选择、诱导再生与增殖、试管苗生根等方面的内容,详细阐释了蓝莓组织培养技术的研究进展,分析其发展动态与存在问题,对于建立高效稳定的蓝莓组织培养再生体系,促进外源优良基因的遗传转化与新品种培育,以及潜在价值与作用功效的开发提供了帮助。

以‘红阳’猕猴桃雌株幼叶为外植体，直接诱导产生不定芽，并对不定芽增殖以及生根体系进行优化，建立了高频再生体系。结果表明，在MS+3.0 mg/L BA+1.0 mg/L NAA培养基中，不定芽诱导率达100％，平均出芽数达18.67个/叶盘；在MS+2.0 mg/L BA+1.0 mg/L NAA+0.1 mg/L GA3培养基中，增殖率达100％，1~6代不定芽平均繁殖系数达8.63；不定芽在1/2 MS+0.8 mg/L IBA培养基中培养15 d，然后继代至含1/2 MS液体培养基的珍珠岩中培养15 d，生根率达100％，且其根系发育良好；98株试管苗移栽到土壤盆钵中，成活95株，成活率达96.94％。本试验成功建立了红阳猕猴桃叶片高频直接再生体系，该体系诱导产生不定芽周期短，出芽率高，不定芽增殖系数大，生根率高且根系发达，为红阳猕猴桃试管苗的工厂化生产和遗传转化奠定了基础。

In this study, an efficient procedure was developed for callus induction and regeneration of kiwifruit ( Actinidia deliciosa ) using different organs of shoots developed under in vitro conditions. Effects of explants source and media (M 1 , 1.002mg l 611 BA65+652.002mg l 611 2,4-D–M 2 , 1.002mg l 611 NAA65+652.002mg l 611 2,4-D) on initiation of callus were examined in order to obtain callus for organogenesis. The best callus for plant regeneration was obtained from leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog’s medium (MS) supplemented with M 2 . Formation of callus from leaf of kiwifruit ( A. deliciosa ) was cultured in MS medium containing different concentration of N 6 -benzylaminopurin (BA; 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.002mg l 611 ) for callus proliferation and plant regeneration. Although the first shoot formation was appeared in medium containing 6.0 and 8.002mg l 611 BA, the best shoots formation was obtained in medium with 4.002mg l 611 BA.

以中华猕猴桃伏牛95-2的组培苗叶片为外植体,研究了不同生长调节物质对不定芽的分化、增殖及生根的影响。结果表明:在MS+ZT1.0 mg/L+NAA0.3 mg/L培养基中,愈伤组织不定芽分化率最高,为87.5%;在MS+6-BA2.0 mg/L+NAA0.5 mg/L培养基中,不定芽增殖系数最高,为4.2;在1/2MS+NAA2.0 mg/L培养基中,不定芽生根率为100%。

We examined the effect of zeatin on the formation of shoot buds from explants and callus tissues derived from stem segments of Actinidia polygama Miq. (matatabi or silver vine). Stem and petiole segments cultured on combined broad-leaved tree medium and woody plant medium (BW medium) supplemented with zeatin for 40 days formed many shoot buds. Callus tissues derived from the stem segments and subcultured on BW medium supplemented with 6-benzyladenine and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid formed shoot buds when the medium contained 13.7脦录M zeatin. BW medium containing low concentrations of sucrose strongly induced the formation of shoot buds from the callus.

The present work reports on a study of plant regeneration carried out with callus from the leaf blades and petioles of field-grown male adult kiwifruit plants ( Actinidia deliciosa (Chev.) Liang and Ferguson). The cultivars used were ‘Tomuri’ and clone A, a selected male plant grown in north western Spain. The best shoot induction conditions were obtained in ‘Tomuri’ leaf blades cultured in K(h) medium in the presence of 230208M Zeatin and 0.10208M NAA. Under these conditions, more than 80% of organogenic callus induction was observed, with an average of 14 new shoots in the second subculture. The initial length of the shoots affected shoot elongation, which was accomplished by culturing isolated shoots in K(h) medium with half-strength salts, supplemented with 0.40208M Zeatin and 0.10208M NAA. A possible detrimental long-term effect of cytokinins on shoot elongation can account for the results, since elongation was not observed until 102month of culture in elongation medium. For rooting, shoots (102cm in length) were basally immersed in a 502mM IBA solution for 1502s, and transferred to half-strength K(h) basal medium. Regenerated plants were acclimated in a sterile peat:perlite substrate for 1002days, and then transferred to soil. AFLP analysis was accomplished with 15 primer combinations from which 13 showed reproducible and well-resolved bands, producing a total of 1321 fragments from which 1281 were polymorphic (97%). A dendrogram was constructed using both monomorphic and polymorphic bands, showing genetic variation among field-grown plants and tissue culture-derived regenerants.

以红阳红肉猕猴桃为试材,通过调整植物生长调节剂浓度与种类,筛选出适宜于红肉猕猴桃植株愈伤组织形成、不定芽增殖和植株生根的最佳配方。结果表明：在MS＋2.0 mg/L 6-BA＋0.1 mg/L NAA培养基中,增殖率可达87.5%;使用MS＋1.0 mg/L 6-BA＋0.5 mg/L IBA培养基,不定芽的增殖系数达到最高值3.7个;在1/2 MS＋0.7 mg/L IBA培养基中,不定芽诱导生根效果较佳。

The in vitro response of kiwifruit ( Actinidia deliciosa ) to increasing concentrations of boron (B) and NaCl in the culture medium was studied. Kiwifruit shoot cultures were grown in vitro for 12 weeks on an MS medium containing two B concentrations (0.1 and 2 mM) combined with five NaCl concentrations (0, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mM). Kiwifruit produced the longest shoots with 2 mM B when NaCl concentration was 0--20 mM. More shoots were produced with 2 mM B for all NaCl treatments. More shoots were produced with 2 mM B and 10 and 20 mM NaCl. High B concentrations in the culture medium significantly increased shoot proliferation. Explants exhibited a moderate chlorotic appearance with 40 mM NaCl and shoots died with 80 mM NaCl. With 2 mM B, the B concentration of explants was 5--9X greater for the various NaCl treatments compared to the control. Increasing the NaCl concentration from 10 to 80 mM, resulted in higher Na and Cl concentrations in explants for all B treatments, while K and Ca concentrations decreased. Phosphorus concentration in the explants was significantly increased by increasing the NaCl concentration reaching a maximum value at 80 mM NaCl for the two B concentrations.