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中国生物工程杂志

China Biotechnology
China Biotechnology  2020, Vol. 40 Issue (1-2): 174-179    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.1906020
Orginal Article     
The Experience and Enlightenment of Cell Therapy Regulation Dual-track System in Japan
LI Yu,ZHANG Xiao()
School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Abstract  

With the development of life science and technology, innovative theories, techniques and clinical research of cell therapy are emerging. Cell therapy in China faces the favorable opportunity for development, and supervision has become an indispensable link to promote its industrialization. In recent years, the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China and China Food and Drug Administration have issued a series of policies and regulations to regulate the clinical research and clinical application of cell therapy. However, there are still no clear and detailed explanations on the issues of drug or technical supervision, supervisor and evaluation criteria. The basic content of cell therapy regulation dual-track system in Japan was clarified, its characteristics, and proposes policy recommendations for Chinese cell therapy supervision weresummarized.



Key wordsCell therapy regulation      Stem-cell therapy      Regenerative medicine     
Received: 14 June 2019      Published: 27 March 2020
ZTFLH:  Q813  
Corresponding Authors: Xiao ZHANG     E-mail: zhangxiao@seu.edu.cn
Cite this article:

LI Yu,ZHANG Xiao. The Experience and Enlightenment of Cell Therapy Regulation Dual-track System in Japan. China Biotechnology, 2020, 40(1-2): 174-179.

URL:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/10.13523/j.cb.1906020     OR     https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/Y2020/V40/I1-2/174

国家或地区 美国 欧盟 日本
特色 以产品管理为主 双法双轨管理
管理部门 美国食品药物管理局(US FDA) 欧洲药物管理局(EMA) 厚生劳动省(MHLW) 厚生劳动省(MHLW)
医药医疗器械综合机构(PMDA)
法律 《公共卫生服务法》(PHS Act) Regulation (EC) No 1394/2007 《再生医学安全法》(RM Act) 《药品和医疗器械法》(PMD Act)
管理类别 人类细胞、组织及相关产品(HCT/Ps)管理 先进技术治疗医学产品(ATMP) 临床研究(技术类别) 再生医学产品(药品类别)
说明 风险分级管理分成351HCT/P、361HCT/P 最终批准上市由欧洲委员会决定,其余由各国家管理 风险分级管理 1.经过注册试验(IND)审查之后登记申请;2.建立条件/时间限制批准机制,7年内完成确认性临床试验
例外 除361 HCT/P 之外 医院豁免(hospital exemption)[5]
Table 1 Comparison of cell therapy regulation between Japan, the U.S. and the European Union
Fig.1 Flow chart of dual-track regulation in Japan
Fig.2 Risk classification criteria
注册试验 临床研究
适用法律 《药品和医疗器械法》 《再生医学安全法》
机构 企业 医疗机构
目的 上市 研究、治疗(非上市)
数据要求 GCP(Good Clinical Practice) 法律范围内(低于GCP)
审批机构
PMDA审查
厚生劳动省批准
机构审查委员会认证
厚生劳动省批准
质量安全责任 企业、医生和医疗机构 医生和医疗机构
制造设备要求
GMP (Good Manufacturing
Practice)
法律范围内
(低于GMP)
Table 2 Comparison between clinical trial and clinical research
Fig.3 Comparison of cell therapy technology and products in Japan
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