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中国生物工程杂志

CHINA BIOTECHNOLOGY
中国生物工程杂志
中国生物工程杂志  2023, Vol. 43 Issue (10): 85-95    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2304053
综述     
蓝细菌次级代谢产物伪枝藻素研究进展与展望*
张爱娣1,2,崔金玉2,3,4,**(),张亚宁2,3,4,毛绍名1,**(),栾国栋2,3,4,吕雪峰2,3,4
1 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院 林业生物技术湖南省重点实验室 长沙 410004
2 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 中国科学院生物燃料重点实验室 青岛 266101
3 山东能源研究院 青岛 266101
4 青岛新能源山东省实验室 青岛 266101
Research Progress and Prospects of Cyanobacterial Secondary Metabolite Scytonemin
ZHANG Ai-di1,2,CUI Jin-yu2,3,4,**(),ZHANG Ya-ning2,3,4,MAO Shao-ming1,**(),LUAN Guo-dong2,3,4,LV Xue-feng2,3,4
1 Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
2 Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
3 Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, China
4 Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, China
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摘要：

蓝细菌是重要的光合自养微生物,可利用太阳能将二氧化碳转化成高附加产值化学品,且具有营养需求低、生长迅速以及遗传背景简单等优势。伪枝藻素是一种脂溶性芳香族生物碱色素,由少数蓝细菌在胁迫环境下形成,具有很强的紫外吸收、抗炎以及抑制癌细胞增殖的活性,在日化和医药健康领域具有巨大的开发潜力和应用前景。目前,伪枝藻素的合成和调控机制在蓝细菌念珠藻Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102等中已得到初步解析,但由于天然宿主在遗传改造和工程应用层面存在多重瓶颈,仍无法实现稳定、高效、绿色的生产。随着合成生物学和代谢工程技术的发展,有望通过异源合成及调控实现伪枝藻素的高效生产。总结伪枝藻素的结构、化学性质、功能应用、生物合成途径、调控机制和环境胁迫影响等相关研究进展,并对其未来发展前景进行展望。
关键词： 蓝细菌;  伪枝藻素;  合成调控机制;  环境胁迫    
Abstract:

Cyanobacteria are an important group of photoautotrophic and prokaryotic microorganisms, which can directly convert carbon dioxide and solar energy into high value-added chemicals. Due to low nutritional requirements, rapid growth and well-established genetic manipulation tools, cyanobacteria are considered to be a model system. Scytonemin is a lipid-soluble indole alkaloid pigment, which is found in some cyanobacteria under UV-A radiation. It can strongly absorb UV-A radiation and has great pharmacological potential with interesting anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities. Thus it has great prospects in cosmetic and biomedical applications. So far, the mechanism and regulation of scytonemin synthesis have been illustrated in Nostoc punctiforme PCC 73102. However, several bottlenecks in genetic engineering have hindered the efficient and sustainable synthesis of scytonemin. By the development of synthetic biology in vivo and ex vivo engineering, the efficient synthesis of scytonemin is expected to be realized. Here, we summarize the scytonemin on its structure, chemical properties, biosynthetic pathways, regulatory mechanisms, stress physiology and applications. Moreover, the future prospects and directions of scytonemin are also discussed.
Key words: Cyanobacteria    Scytonemin    Synthetic regulatory mechanism    Environmental stress
收稿日期: 2023-04-26 出版日期: 2023-11-02
ZTFLH:  Q815  
基金资助: *国家自然科学基金(32270103);国家自然科学基金(32070084);山东省博士后创新项目(SDCX-ZG-202202036);中国博士后科学基金(2021M703320)
通讯作者: **电子信箱:cuijinyu@qibebt.ac.cn;msm526@163.com   
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张爱娣
崔金玉
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栾国栋
吕雪峰

引用本文:

张爱娣, 崔金玉, 张亚宁, 毛绍名, 栾国栋, 吕雪峰. 蓝细菌次级代谢产物伪枝藻素研究进展与展望*[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2023, 43(10): 85-95.

ZHANG Ai-di, CUI Jin-yu, ZHANG Ya-ning, MAO Shao-ming, LUAN Guo-dong, LV Xue-feng. Research Progress and Prospects of Cyanobacterial Secondary Metabolite Scytonemin. China Biotechnology, 2023, 43(10): 85-95.

链接本文:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/10.13523/j.cb.2304053    或    https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/Y2023/V43/I10/85

图1  伪枝藻素的结构式及其紫外防护和抗增殖功能
图2  PCC 73102中伪枝藻素的合成基因簇与合成途径
环境因素 菌株 对伪枝藻素合成的影响 参考文献
光照 Chlorogloeopsis sp. 白光[50 μmol/(m2·s)],0.05 μg/mg;白光[200 μmol/(m2·s)],11.51 μg/mg [66]
A. fertilissima NCCU-443 紫外辐射,产量提高约187.5%
黄光,产量提高288.9%		 [67]
Scytonema hoffmani UV-B,产量提高18.7% [70]
Scytonema sp. R77DM 可见光,产量提高约20%;可见光、UV-A,产量提高160%;可见光、UV-A和UV-B,产量提高240% [12]
盐胁迫 A. fertilissima NCCU-443 0.45 mol/L,产量提高70% [67]
L. aestuarii 0.43 mol/L,产量最高,在低于0.1 mol/L、高于3.4 mol/L时伪枝藻素会降解 [15]
Chroococcidiopsis M88 VD-G 盐浓度的增加抑制伪枝藻素的合成 [25]
氧化胁迫 Chroococcidiopsis M88 VD-G 0.5 μmol/L的亚甲基蓝,产量约25 μg/mg [25]
温度胁迫 A. fertilissima NCCU-443 35℃,产量提高50% [67]
Scytonema sp. R77DM 35℃、可见光、UV-A和UV-B,产量提高128.6% [12]
Chroococcidiopsis M88 VD-G 34~35℃,产量约11.83 μg/mg [25]
氮源 PCC 73102 0.4 mmol/L N O 3 -,产量提高36.4%
0.1 mmol/L N H 4 +,产量提高26.7%
1 mmol/L NH4NO3,产量降低85.7%		 [68]
干旱胁迫 PCC 73102 干旱5 d,产量32.5 μg/mg,比水化提高了30% [33]
Chroococcidiopsis CCMEE 5056 干旱5 d,产量70 μg/mg,比水化提高了100% [33]
Chroococcidiopsis CCMEE 246 干旱5 d,产量35 μg/mg,是连续水化的65% [33]
表1  不同环境因素对伪枝藻素合成的影响
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