微囊藻毒素生物治理技术研究进展<sup>*</sup>

doi:10.13523/j.cb.2203052

中国生物工程杂志

2022, Vol. 42

Issue (8): 109-127 DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2203052

综述

微囊藻毒素生物治理技术研究进展^*

柴玉婕^1,²,冯佳^1,²,周见庭^1,²,蒋建兰^1,^2,^**(

)

1.天津大学化工学院天津 300072
2.天津大学系统生物工程教育部重点实验室天津 300072

Progress on Biological Treatment Technologies of Microcystins

CHAI Yu-jie^1,²,FENG Jia^1,²,ZHOU Jian-ting^1,²,JIANG Jian-lan^1,^2,^**(

)

1. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
2. Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300072, China

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摘要：

近年来,随着全球气候变暖和水体富营养化程度加深,蓝藻水华频繁暴发。微囊藻毒素是有害蓝藻产生及释放的危害最大的一类蓝藻毒素,对生态环境和公众健康造成了严重的威胁。因此,寻求有效的微囊藻毒素降解方法已成为全球科学领域的研究热点。针对微囊藻毒素生物治理技术展开综述,阐述了微囊藻毒素的产生、理化性质及生物毒性,总结了微生物、水生植物、浮游动物等自然生物降解微囊藻毒素的能力。在此基础上概述了生物滤池、人工湿地、生态浮床、膜生物膜反应器等生物治理技术对微囊藻毒素的去除效果,分析了现有微囊藻毒素生物处理方法的优势和局限性,并对今后的研究方向提出展望,为解决水环境中微囊藻毒素的污染问题提供思路。

关键词： 微囊藻毒素; 生物降解; 生物治理技术; 蓝藻水华

Abstract:

In recent years, with global warming and the increasing intensity of water eutrophication, cyanobacterial blooms occur frequently. Microcystins are the most harmful cyanobacterial toxins produced and released by harmful cyanobacteria, which have had a harmful impact on the ecological environment and public health. Therefore, seeking effective microcystin degradation methods has become a research hotspot in the global scientific fields. The biological treatment technologies of microcystins are reviewed, the production, physicochemical properties and biotoxicity of microcystins are described, and the degradation efficiency of microcystins by microorganisms, aquatic plants and zooplankton is summarized. On this basis, the removal effects of biological treatment technologies such as biological filter, constructed wetland, ecological floating bed, and membrane biofilm reactor on microcystins are overviewed, and the advantages and limitations of existing microcystins’ biological treatment methods are analyzed. The further research subjects are also proposed. All these provide ideas for solving the pollution problem of microcystins in the water environment.

Key words: Microcystins Biodegradation Biological treatment technology Cyanobacterial blooms

收稿日期: 2022-03-23 出版日期: 2022-09-07

ZTFLH:

Q819

基金资助: * 国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0903000)

通讯作者: 蒋建兰 E-mail: jljiang@tju.edu.cn

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引用本文:

柴玉婕,冯佳,周见庭,蒋建兰. 微囊藻毒素生物治理技术研究进展^*[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2022, 42(8): 109-127.

CHAI Yu-jie,FENG Jia,ZHOU Jian-ting,JIANG Jian-lan. Progress on Biological Treatment Technologies of Microcystins. China Biotechnology, 2022, 42(8): 109-127.

链接本文:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/10.13523/j.cb.2203052 或 https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/Y2022/V42/I8/109

图1 MCs的结构通式

菌株分类	功能菌株	mlr基因	目标MCs	初始MCs浓度	MCs降解效率	参考文献
α变形菌	Sphingomonas sp. CBA4	-¹⁾	MC-RR	200 μg/L	100% (36 h)	[77]
α变形菌	Sphingomonas sp. ACM-3962	mlrABCD	MC-LR, MC-RR	10,10 mg/L	1.6, 1.5 mg/(L·h)	[63]
α变形菌	Sphingomonas B-9	mlrA	MC-LR, MC-RR	2, 2 mg/L	0.08, 0.08 mg/(L·h)	[78-79]
α变形菌	Sphingomonas sp. NV-3	mlrABC	MC-LR, [Dha⁷] MC-LR	25 mg/L³⁾	0.35 mg/(L·h)	[80]
α变形菌	Sphingomonas 7CY	-¹⁾	MC-LR, MC-LF, MC-LW, MC-LY	6, 6, 6, 6 mg/L	$t 1 / 2 2)$ : 2.4, 3.3, 3.3, 3.3 d	[81]
α变形菌	Sphingomonas Y2	mlrA	MC-LR, MC-RR,MC-YR	18, 18, 22 mg/L	0.23, 0.54, 2.5 mg/(L·h)	[82]
α变形菌	Novosphingobium sp. KKU15	-¹⁾	[Dha⁷] MC-LR	5 μg/mL	100% (72 h)	[83]
α变形菌	Novosphingobium sp. ERW19	mlrA	MC-LR, MC-RR	0.1, 0.1 mg/L	0.008, 0.008 mg/(L·h)	[84]
α变形菌	Novosphingobium sp. ERN07	mlrA	MC-LR, MC-RR	0.1, 0.1 mg/L	0.005, 0.005 mg/(L·h)	[84]
α变形菌	Novosphingobium sp. KKU25s	mlrABCD	[Dha⁷] MC-LR	25 μg/L	1.04 μg/(L·h)	[68]
α变形菌	Novosphingobium sp. THN1	mlrA	MC-LR	1.5 mg/L	>95% (3 h)	[85]
α变形菌	Rhizobium sp. TH	mlrABCD	MC-LR	8.3 mg/L	100% (10 h)	[69]
α变形菌	Rhizobium sp. AQ_MP	mlrBC	MC-RR	-¹⁾	-¹⁾	[56]
α变形菌	Sphingopyxis sp. m6	mlrABCD	MC-LR,MC-RR	50 μg/L, 1 mg/L	100% (4 h), 100%(6 h)	[75,86]
α变形菌	Sphingopyxis sp. N5	mlrA	MC-LR, MC-RR,MC-YR, MC-LA	5, 5, 5, 5 mg/L	100%, 100%, 89%, 68% (24 h)	[87]
α变形菌	Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05	mlrABCD	MC-LR, MC-RR,MC-YR	28.8, 50.2, 14.8 mg/L	1.2, 0.7, 1.48 mg/(L·h)	[70,71,88]
α变形菌	Sphingopyxis sp. C-1	mlrABC	MC-LR, MC-RR	1, -¹⁾ mg/L	0.33, -¹⁾ mg/(L·h)	[89]
α变形菌	Sphingopyxis sp. TT25	mlrA	MC-LR, MC-RR, MC-YR, MC-LA	0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 0.01 mg/L	2×10^-4 mg/(L·h)	[90]
α变形菌	Sphingopyxis sp. IM-1	mlrABCD	MC-LR, MC-RR,MC-YR	0.92, 0.04, 0.04 mg/L	$t 1 / 2 2)$ : >2,<2, -¹⁾ h	[91]
α变形菌	Sphingopyxis sp. IM-2	mlrABCD	MC-LR, MC-RR,MC-YR	0.92, 0.04, 0.04 mg/L	$t 1 / 2 2)$ : ≈110, ≈110, -¹⁾ h	[91]
α变形菌	Sphingopyxis sp. IM-3	mlrABCD	MC-LR, MC-RR,MC-YR	0.92, 0.04, 0.04 mg/L	$t 1 / 2 2)$ : ≈30, ≈20, -¹⁾ h	[91]
α变形菌	Sphingopyxis sp. MB-E	mlrABCD	MC-LR, MC-YR, MC-LF, MC-LW, MC-LY	0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1 mg/L	6.25×10^-4 mg/(L·h)	[92]
α变形菌	Sphingopyxis sp. a7	mlrACD	MC-LR	14.3 mg/L	3.33 mg/(L·h)	[93]
α变形菌	Sphingopyxis sp. x20	mlrABCD	MC-LR	5 mg/L	100% (10 h)	[94]
α变形菌	Sphingopyxis sp. YF1	mlrABCD	MC-LR	10 μg/mL	51.7 μg/(mL·h)	[76]
菌株分类	功能菌株	mlr基因	目标MCs	初始MCs浓度	MCs降解效率	参考文献
α变形菌	Sphingopyxis sp. LH21	mlrABCD	MC-LR, MC-LA	3, 5 μg/L	100%, 100% (2 d)	[95]
α变形菌	Sphingosinicella B-9	mlrABC	MC-LR, MC-RR	2, 2 mg/L	0.08, 0.08 mg/(L·h)	[78-79]
α变形菌	Ochrobactrum sp. FDT5	-¹⁾	MC-LR	467.8 mg/L	60.44% (7 d)	[96]
β变形菌	Ralstonia solanacearum	-¹⁾	MC-LR	9.4 mg/L	100% (24 h)	[97]
β变形菌	Bordetella sp. MC-LTH1	mlrA	MC-LR, MC-RR	11, 5 mg/L	100% (42 h)	[98]
β变形菌	Bordetella sp.	mlrABCD	MC-LR	15 μg/L	≈100% (24 h)	[99]
β变形菌	Methylobacillus J10	-¹⁾	MC-LR, MC-RR	3.5, 4.3 mg/L	<0.24, >0.24 mg/(L·h)	[100]
β变形菌	Paucibacter sp. CH	-¹⁾	MC-LR	11.6 μg/mL	100% (10 h)	[101]
β变形菌	Paucibacter DSMZ-16998	-¹⁾	MC-LR, MC-RR, MC-LF, MC-LW, MC-LY	10, 10, 10, 10, 10 mg/L	$t 1 / 2 2)$ : 9, 10, 6, 7, 6 d	[102]
β变形菌	Paucibacter sp. IM-4	-¹⁾	MC-LR, MC-RR,MC-YR	0.92, 0.04, 0.04 mg/L	$t 1 / 2 2)$ : ≈35, ≈35, -¹⁾ h	[91]
β变形菌	Paucibacter toxinivorans (2C20)	-¹⁾	MC-LR, MC-RR,MC-YR, MC-LF	10, 10, 10, 10 μg/mL	60%, 45%, 70%, 35% (7 d)	[103]
β变形菌	Acidovorax facilis LEw-2	-¹⁾	MC-LR	5 μg/mL	100% (48 h)	[104]
γ变形菌	Stenotrophomona sp. EMS	mlrA	MC-LR, MC-RR	0.7, 1.7 μg/mL	100% (24 h)	[105]
γ变形菌	Stenotrophomonas sp. LEw-1278	-¹⁾	MC-LR	5 μg/mL	100% (48 h)	[104]
γ变形菌	Stenotrophomonas sp. YFMCD1-2	-¹⁾	MC-LR	5 μg/mL	0.5 μg/(mL·h)	[106]
γ变形菌	Stenotrophomonas sp. MC-LTH2	-¹⁾	MC-LR, MC-RR	21.2, 39.2 mg/L	3.0, 5.6 mg/(L·h)	[107]
γ变形菌	Stenotrophomonas sp. 4B4	mlrABCD	MC-LR, MC-RR,MC-LW, MC-LF	5.5, 5.5, 5.5, 5.5 μg/mL	100% (10 d), 100% (12 d), -¹⁾, 100% (14 d)	[108]
γ变形菌	Morganella morganii LAAFP- C25216	-¹⁾	MC-LR	20 μg/L	4.75 mg/(L·h)	[109]
γ变形菌	Pseudomonas aeruginosa UCBPP-PA14	-¹⁾	MC-LR, MC-RR,MC-YR, MC-LW	348.5 μg/L³⁾	84% (30 d)	[51]
γ变形菌	Pseudomonas putida KCCM 10464	-¹⁾	MC-LR, MC-RR,MC-YR, MC-LW	348.5 μg/L³⁾	34% (30 d)	[51]
γ变形菌	Pseudomonas sp. Lake Mead- C25459	-¹⁾	MC-LR	20 μg/L	4.73 mg/(L·h)	[109]
γ变形菌	Pseudomonas sp. Sphingomonas-C25358	-¹⁾	MC-LR	20 μg/L	4.67 mg/(L·h)	[109]
γ变形菌	Pseudomonas sp. LEw-2166	-¹⁾	MC-LR	5 μg/mL	100% (48 h)	[104]
γ变形菌	Pseudomonas sp. LEw-1033	-¹⁾	MC-LR	5 μg/mL	100% (48 h)	[104]
γ变形菌	Pseudomonas sp. LEw-2029	-¹⁾	MC-LR	5 μg/mL	0.25 μg/(mL·h)	[110]
γ变形菌	Pseudomonas aeruginosa DMXS	-¹⁾	[D-Leu¹]MC-LR	1 μg/L	95% (24 d)	[111]
γ变形菌	Pseudomonas sp. WC-4	-¹⁾	MC-LR, MC-RR	1 025.76, 1 263.45 μg/L	96.25%, 98.41% (18 d)	[112]
γ变形菌	Klebsiella sp. YFMCD1-1	-¹⁾	MC-LR	5 μg/mL	0.5 μg/(mL·h)	[106]
γ变形菌	Acinetobacter sp. CMDB-2	-¹⁾	MC-LR	6 μg/L	94% (14 h)	[54]
γ变形菌	Acinetobacter sp. WC-5	-¹⁾	MC-LR, MC-RR	1 025.76, 1 263.45 μg/L	92.73%, 92.95% (18 d)	[112]
γ变形菌	Aeromonas sp.	-¹⁾	MC-LR	10 μg/mL	48% (14 d)	[113]
γ变形菌	Achromobacter LG1	-¹⁾	MC-LR	200 μg/L	79.5% (7 d)	[114]
γ变形菌	Enterobacter sp. YF3	-¹⁾	MC-LR	3 μg/mL	0.34 μg/(mL·h)	[115]
厚壁菌	Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG	-¹⁾	MC-LR	100 μg/L	49.3% (48 h)	[116]
厚壁菌	Lactobacillus rhamnosus LC-705	-¹⁾	MC-LR	100 μg/L	50.3% (48 h)	[116]
厚壁菌	Bacillus sp. AMRI-03	mlrA	MC-RR	10 mg/L	100% (5 d)	[117]
厚壁菌	Bacillus sp. AMRI-03	mlrA	MC-RR	10 mg/L	100% (5 d)	[117]
厚壁菌	Bacillus sp. JZ-2013	-¹⁾	MC-LR	15 mg/L	80% (9 d)	[118]
厚壁菌	Bacillus sp. SSZ01	mlrA	MC-RR	10 mg/L	100% (4 d)	[119]
菌株分类	功能菌株	mlr基因	目标MCs	初始MCs浓度	MCs降解效率	参考文献
厚壁菌	Bacillus sp. AK3	-¹⁾	MC-RR	22 μg/mL	73%(3 d)	[120]
厚壁菌	Brevibacillus brevis LEw-1238	-¹⁾	MC-LR	5 μg/mL	100% (48 h)	[104]
厚壁菌	Bacillus sp. LEw-2010	-¹⁾	MC-LR	5 μg/mL	100% (48 h)	[104]
厚壁菌	Lysinibacillus boronitolerans CQ5	-¹⁾	MC-LR	14.12 μg/L	88.88% (244 h)	[121]
放线菌	Rhodococcus C1	-¹⁾	MC-LR, MC-RR, MC-LF, MC-LW, MC-LY	10, 10, 10, 10, 10 mg/L	$t 1 / 2 2)$ : 9, 10, 8, 6, 5 d	[102]
放线菌	Brevibacterium F3	-¹⁾	MC-LR, MC-RR, MC-LF, MC-LW, MC-LY	10, 10, 10, 10, 10 mg/L	$t 1 / 2 2)$ : 9, 10, 7, 9, 6 d	[102]
放线菌	Arthrobacter sp. C6	-¹⁾	MC-LR, MC-RR, MC-LF, MC-LW, MC-LY	10, 10, 10, 10, 10 mg/L	$t 1 / 2 2)$ : 9, 10, 8, 8, 5 d	[102]
	Arthrobacter sp. F7	-¹⁾	MC-LR, MC-RR, MC-LF, MC-LW, MC-LY	10, 10, 10, 10, 10 mg/L	$t 1 / 2 2)$ : 9, 10, 6, 7, 6 d	[102]
放线菌		-¹⁾	MC-LR, MC-RR, MC-LF, MC-LW, MC-LY	10, 10, 10, 10, 10 mg/L	$t 1 / 2 2)$ 9, 10, 7, 6, 7 d	[102]
放线菌	Arthrobacter sp. F10	-¹⁾	MC-LR	5 μg/mL	99% (3 d)	[122]
放线菌	Arthrobacter sp. R1	-¹⁾	MC-LR	5 μg/mL	100% (3 d)	[122]
放线菌	Arthrobacter sp. R6	-¹⁾	MC-LR	5 μg/mL	100% (3 d)	[122]
放线菌	Arthrobacter sp. R9	-¹⁾	MC-LR	5 μg/mL	100% (3 d)	[122]
放线菌	Arthrobacter sp. 423	-¹⁾	MC-LR	2 μg/L	24.87% (9 d)	[123]
放线菌	Arthrobacter sp. 443	-¹⁾	MC-LR	2 μg/L	15.92% (9 d)	[123]
放线菌	Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12	-¹⁾	MC-LR	100 μg/L	58.1% (24 h)	[116]
放线菌	Bifidobacterium longum 46	-¹⁾	MC-LR	100 μg/L	47.0% (24 h)	[116]
放线菌	Bifidobacterium lactis 420	-¹⁾	MC-LR	100 μg/L	47.7% (24 h)	[116]
真菌	Trichaptum abietinum 1302BG	-¹⁾	MC-LR	0.05 mg/L	100% (12 h)	[124-125]
真菌	Schizophyllum commune	-¹⁾	MC-LR	15 mg/L	100% (14 h)	[126]
真菌	Trichoderma citrinoviride kkuf-0955	-¹⁾	MCs	2.7 mg/L	100% (72 h)	[52]
真菌	Mucor hiemalis EH5	-¹⁾	MC-LR	1 mg/L	58% (24 h)	[127]
真菌	Mucor hiemalis f. irnsingii strain EH5	-¹⁾	MC-LR	0.03 mg/L	37% (24 h)	[128]
真菌	Aureobasidium pullulans KKUY0701	-¹⁾	MCs	2 mg/L	56.5% (1 h)	[129]

表1 MCs降解菌株及其降解特性

图2 鞘脂单胞菌(Sphingopyxis sp. YF1)[76]降解MC-LR示意图

表2 MCs生物处理技术特点概述

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