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中国生物工程杂志

CHINA BIOTECHNOLOGY
中国生物工程杂志
中国生物工程杂志  2024, Vol. 44 Issue (2/3): 164-175    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2309025
综述     
布朗葡萄藻:从二氧化碳固定到烷烃、烯烃与萜烯的生物合成*
于博涵,高保燕,张虎,张成武**()
暨南大学水生生物研究中心 广州 510632
Botryococcus braunii: From Carbon Dioxide Fixation to the Biosynthesis of Alkanes, Alkenes and Terpenes
YU Bohan,GAO Baoyan,ZHANG Hu,ZHANG Chengwu**()
Research Center of Hidrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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摘要：

高效生物生产碳氢化合物是解决石油等液体燃料短缺的有效手段之一,而微藻油是生产可持续生物燃料的可靠选择。布朗葡萄藻(Botryococcus braunii)是一种由单细胞组成的不定形群体绿藻,能够积累大量碳氢化合物,最高含量可达其干重的75%,因而受到广泛关注。近年来随着对葡萄藻生物学特性和生长生理的不断深入研究,提高了其规模化培养及其碳氢化合物工业化生产的可行性。从生物学特性、碳氢化合物合成途径及调控因子、多组学研究和规模化培养技术几方面简单叙述了布朗葡萄藻作为新型产油微藻生产碳氢化合物的潜力,为探索利用布朗葡萄藻大规模工业化生产生物燃料提供参考,从而加速该微藻资源的开发利用。
关键词： 布朗葡萄藻;  烷烃;  烯烃;  萜烯;  组学;  规模化培养    
Abstract:

Highly efficient bioproduction of hydrocarbons is one of the effective means to solve the shortage of petroleum and other liquid fuels, while microalgae-based oils are a reliable choice for the production of sustainable biofuels. Botryococcus braunii is an irregular unicellular colony belonging to the chlorophyta, which has received widespread attention for accumulating the large amounts of hydrocarbons, with a maximum content of up to 75% of its dry weight. In recent years, continued in-depth research into the biological characteristics and growth physiology of B.braunii, has improved the feasibility of its large-scale cultivation and industrial production of hydrocarbons. In this review, the potential of B.braunii as a novel oleaginous microalga for hydrocarbon production was briefly described from the aspects of biological characteristics, hydrocarbon synthetic pathways and regulatory factors, omics studies, and large-scale cultivation techniques. This could provide a reference for exploring the large-scale industrial production of biofuels based on B.braunii, thus accelerating the development and exploitation of this microalgal resource.
Key words: Botryococcus braunii    Alkanes    Alkenes    Terpenes    Omics    Large-scale cultivation
收稿日期: 2023-09-21 出版日期: 2024-04-03
ZTFLH:  Q81  
基金资助: *国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3202101);国家自然科学基金(32002412);云南省重点研发计划(202303AC100002)
通讯作者: **电子信箱:tzhangcw@jnu.edu.cn   
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于博涵
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引用本文:

于博涵, 高保燕, 张虎, 张成武. 布朗葡萄藻:从二氧化碳固定到烷烃、烯烃与萜烯的生物合成*[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2024, 44(2/3): 164-175.

YU Bohan, GAO Baoyan, ZHANG Hu, ZHANG Chengwu. Botryococcus braunii: From Carbon Dioxide Fixation to the Biosynthesis of Alkanes, Alkenes and Terpenes. China Biotechnology, 2024, 44(2/3): 164-175.

链接本文:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/10.13523/j.cb.2309025    或    https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/Y2024/V44/I2/3/164

族系 碳氢化合物 其他脂类
A C23 ~ C33的奇数碳直链二烯烃及三烯烃,以C27、C29、C31为主 C14 ~ C30的偶数碳脂肪酸,三酰甘油,C52~ C64的醛类,甾醇,酚类等
B C30 ~ C37的三萜烯,主要为葡萄藻烯和角鲨烯及二者的甲基化衍生物 C14 ~ C30的偶数碳脂肪酸,甾醇,葡萄藻烯和角鲨烯的甲基环氧化物等
L C40四萜烯,主要为番茄二烯和少量番茄三烯及番茄五烯 C14 ~ C30的偶数碳脂肪酸,甾醇,番茄二烯环氧化物及其他衍生物等
S C18和C20饱和正构烷烃 C18和C20环氧正构烷烃等
表1  已知4族布朗葡萄藻的碳氢化合物及其他主要脂类产物
图1  三个不同族的布朗葡萄藻 807-1(A族)来自SAG藻种库; SC-1(B族)和SC-2(L族)本实验室采集分离于华南地区的水域;左列为藻细胞处于对数生长期,细胞绿色;右列为藻细胞处于平台期,图中比例尺为5 μm
图2  布朗葡萄藻脂肪酸、烷烃和烯烃及萜类烯烃合成途径
图3  常见微藻养殖系统
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