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中国生物工程杂志

CHINA BIOTECHNOLOGY
中国生物工程杂志
中国生物工程杂志  2022, Vol. 42 Issue (4): 49-57    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2109041
综述     
肠道微生物对寿命的影响及其机制*
李雪,孟庆雄**()
昆明理工大学生命科学与技术学院 昆明 650500
Research Progress on the Effect of Gut Microbes on Life Span and Its Mechanism
LI Xue,MENG Qing-xiong**()
School of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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摘要：

延长健康寿命的跨度对每个人都有重要意义,百岁老人存在独特的肠道菌群特征,肠道微生物群是许多年龄相关变化的核心,菌群特征以及菌群基因组成改变都能影响机体寿命。一些饮食和药物要发挥延寿效果也离不开微生物的参与,微生物具有重要的介导和转化作用,益生菌和粪便移植等措施在动物模型中已被明确可以影响机体寿命。越来越多的研究表明微生物不仅能产生小分子化合物促进健康寿命跨度的增加乃至延长个体寿命如γ-氨基丁酸、荚膜异多糖酸,还能影响宿主的生物合成代谢如5-羟色胺,甚至间接参与宿主信号通路的调控。目前对于这些微生物的生物学功能以及对宿主寿命的影响还没有系统的总结,对肠道微生物影响寿命的证据以及生理机制进行综述,为改善老年期健康状况的干预措施提供参考。
关键词： 肠道微生物;  长寿;  微生物代谢物    
Abstract:

Extending the span of a healthy lifespan is of great significance to everyone. Centenarians have unique characteristics of the intestinal microbiome. The gut microbiome lies at the core of many age-associated changes, and the changes in microbial characteristics and genetic composition can affect longevity. Some diets and drugs cannot play a life-extension effect without the participation of microorganisms, which play an important mediating and transforming role. Probiotics and fecal transplantation and other measures have been confirmed to affect the body’s lifespan in animal models. More and more studies have shown that microorganisms could produce small molecular compounds to promote healthy aging and even prolong individual life spans, such as γ -aminobutyric acid and capsular iso-polysaccharide acid. They also affect host biosynthesis metabolism, such as 5-hydroxytryptamine, and even indirectly participate in the regulation of host signal pathways. At present, there is no systematic summary of the biological functions of these microorganisms and their effects on the host lifespan. The article reviews the evidence and physiological mechanism of intestinal microorganisms’ effects on lifespan, providing a reference for interventions to improve health status in the elderly.
Key words: Gut microbes    Longevity    Microbial metabolites
收稿日期: 2021-09-20 出版日期: 2022-05-05
ZTFLH:  Q939.93  
基金资助: * 国家自然科学基金(31860096)
通讯作者: 孟庆雄     E-mail: qxmeng@sina.com
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引用本文:

李雪,孟庆雄. 肠道微生物对寿命的影响及其机制*[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2022, 42(4): 49-57.

LI Xue,MENG Qing-xiong. Research Progress on the Effect of Gut Microbes on Life Span and Its Mechanism. China Biotechnology, 2022, 42(4): 49-57.

链接本文:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/10.13523/j.cb.2109041    或    https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/Y2022/V42/I4/49

图1  肠道微生物影响宿主的生物合成和代谢
图2  肠道微生物间接参与宿主线虫信号通路的调控
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