光遗传学技术研究进展 <sup>*</sup>

doi:10.13523/j.cb.20190311

中国生物工程杂志

2019, Vol. 39

Issue (3): 87-96 DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.20190311

综述

光遗传学技术研究进展 ^*

郭轩彤¹,张春波^2,^**(

)

1 南昌大学玛丽女王学院南昌 330031
2 南昌大学药学院南昌 330031

Research Progress of Optogenetic Techniques

Xuan-tong GUO¹,Chun-bo ZHANG^2,^**(

)

1 Nanchang Joint Programme, Queen Mary University of London, Nanchang 330031, China
2 School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China

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摘要：

光遗传学技术是结合遗传学和光学对生物体特定细胞实现精确光控的新兴生物技术。自基于微生物视蛋白的光遗传学策略应用以来,光遗传学在视蛋白的开发与优化,基于病毒和重组酶的遗传学定位表达以及光学传输技术等方面都取得了显著进展。光遗传学在现代神经生物学领域应用广泛,在神经环路、行为、中枢神经系统疾病、精神疾病的机理研究中发挥着重要作用。主要介绍光遗传学技术的发展历程,重点介绍光遗传学工具的优化以及定位表达,旨在为光遗传学及相关领域的研究发展提供参考。

关键词： 光遗传学技术; 光学控制; 视蛋白; 神经生物学

Abstract:

Optogenetics is an emerging biological technique that combines optics and genetics to precisely control specific cells within organisms. Since the application of microbial opsins, optogenetics has gained substantial progresses in discovering opsins, optic-control methods and genetic strategies that are based on viruses and recombinases. Optogenetics apply widely in modern neuroscience, playing important roles in the study of neural circuits and behavior, the pathological mechanism of various central nervous system diseases and psychiatric disorders. This review summarizes the development of optogenetic techniques, meanwhile emphasizes the latest advances in the opsin exploration and localized expression, aiming to provide references for research in optogenetics and related fields.

Key words: Optogenetic techniques Light control Opsin Neurobiology

收稿日期: 2018-08-01 出版日期: 2019-04-12

ZTFLH:

Q819

基金资助: * 国家自然科学基金(81501129);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20161BAB215200);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20171ACB21001)

通讯作者: 张春波 E-mail: cbzhang@ncu.edu.cn

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引用本文:

郭轩彤,张春波. 光遗传学技术研究进展 ^*[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2019, 39(3): 87-96.

Xuan-tong GUO,Chun-bo ZHANG. Research Progress of Optogenetic Techniques. China Biotechnology, 2019, 39(3): 87-96.

链接本文:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/10.13523/j.cb.20190311 或 https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/Y2019/V39/I3/87

表1 常见视蛋白特性参数

图1 视蛋白定位表达技术[21]

图2 视蛋白在小鼠脑区的表达激活[21]

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