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中国生物工程杂志

CHINA BIOTECHNOLOGY
中国生物工程杂志
中国生物工程杂志  2016, Vol. 36 Issue (11): 131-138    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.20161118
转基因及其社会影响专栏     
美国国家生物工程食品信息披露标准法案评析
刘旭霞, 张楠
华中农业大学 武汉 430070
Analysis of the American National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard
LIU Xu xia, ZHANG Nan
College of Humanities and Law, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
 全文: PDF(494 KB)   HTML
摘要：

美国“国家生物工程食品信息披露标准”法案出台的主要目的是统一转基因食品标识立法，避免出现州各自为政、部分州与联邦对立的局面，减少州际食品生产和交易的成本。法案优先于州标识立法，它在要求“强制”的同时，也为经营者提供了多种信息披露方式。披露要求及标准则由农业部在两年内制定规章予以确定。这一法案是美国各方妥协的结果，并未影响原有的生物技术政策和管理原则。在我国，转基因技术相关立法上亦存在矛盾和冲突，转基因食品标识问题尚未有定论。美国立法妥协的艺术值得我国借鉴，各方应当认可国家发展生物技术的目标。我国转基因食品标识立法需要高层次立法的明确授权，设置更多样的标识方式，并进行充分的法律实施评估。
关键词： S.764法案;  妥协;  转基因食品标识;  国家生物工程食品信息披露标准    
Abstract:

The main purpose of the American National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard is to unify the GM food labeling legislation and end the situation that some states' policies differ from FDA's voluntary labeling policy and state-by-state policies greatly increase the costs in the food production and transaction. The bill has priority over state legislations. While it requires mandatory disclosure, it provides several ways of information disclosure for food manufactures. The related standards and requirements of diclousure will be regulations in 2 years. As a result of bipartisan compromise, this bill won't affect the original biological technology policy and existing management principles in USA. In China, there are conflicts in GM technology legislation, and the GM food labeling regulation is not promulgated clearly yet. The art of compromise in legislation is worthy of reference for our country, and the related parties ought to stick to the original national goals of developing biotechnology. Lawmaking and administration regarding GM food labeling require authorization from higher-level law, and more forms of labeling should be allowed. Besides, Comprehensive post-legislation evaluation is also necessary.
Key words: GM food labeling    Compromise    National Bioengineered Food Disclousure Standard    S.764
收稿日期: 2016-10-20 出版日期: 2016-11-25
ZTFLH:  Q811.4  
基金资助:

国家转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项（2016ZX08001001），农业部农产品质量安全监管专项（091621309236025）资助项目
通讯作者: 刘旭霞,liuxuxia@mail.hzau.edu.cn     E-mail: liuxuxia@mail.hzau.edu.cn
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引用本文:

刘旭霞, 张楠. 美国国家生物工程食品信息披露标准法案评析[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2016, 36(11): 131-138.

LIU Xu xia, ZHANG Nan. Analysis of the American National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard. China Biotechnology, 2016, 36(11): 131-138.

链接本文:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/10.13523/j.cb.20161118    或    https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/Y2016/V36/I11/131

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