Please wait a minute...

中国生物工程杂志

CHINA BIOTECHNOLOGY
中国生物工程杂志
中国生物工程杂志  2016, Vol. 36 Issue (11): 109-115    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.20161115
转基因及其社会影响专栏     
转基因抗虫棉在中国的推广和传播途径研究
项诚1, 王晓兵2, 黄季焜2
1 中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所 北京 100081;
2 北京大学现代农学院 中国农业政策研究中心 北京 100871
Adoption and Uptake Pathway of Bt Cotton by Chinese Smallholders
XIANG Cheng1, WANG Xiao bing2, HUANG Ji kun2
1. Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development CAAS, Beijing 100081, China;
2. China Center for Agricultural Policy, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
 全文: PDF(970 KB)   HTML
摘要：

转基因抗虫棉是中国商业化应用最成功的转基因作物，已有许多研究对转基因棉花种植的成本效益和农户生产决策的影响因素进行了深入分析，但对其具体推广过程缺乏足够了解。通过小组访谈和创新树的分析方法，以转基因抗虫棉为例，对转基因生物技术在我国的推广和传播途径开展了研究。研究发现，种业公司转基因作物种子的生产能力直接影响转基因作物的初始规模，来自政府研究机构和种业公司的技术推广者在转基因生物技术的扩散过程中都起着重要作用，公共农技推广服务对于宣传相关信息和知识尤为重要，社会资本也有助于转基因抗虫棉在中国的快速传播和采用。研究结论对推进我国公共农技推广体系改革、完善多元社会化服务主体协作及生物技术研发具有重要启示作用。
关键词： 推广;  转基因抗虫棉;  创新树    
Abstract:

Bt cotton is well reported as a successful case of biotechnology adoption in China, the literature on farmer adoption of Bt cotton is generally on the socio-economic benefits experienced by farmers while not much has been studied on the adoption process itself. Based on the tools of focus group discussion and innovation tree, the adoption and uptake pathways of Bt cotton among smallholders in China were analyzed and the roles of different stakeholders were identified. The results showed that, to facilitate the rapid diffusion of GM technology to farmers, both public and private sectors can play important roles. First, the ability of seed companies to generate enough seed for the market after the approval of a biotech crop affects the scale of initial adoption or the number of farmers who can plant new crop; Secondly, technology developers from either public research institutions or biotech companies are important facilitators in the initial diffusion of biotechnology. Thirdly, having a good local technology extension and training service is critical to disseminating appropriate information and knowledge to farmers so that they can fully benefit from the new technology. Lastly, improving the social network of farmers can facilitate the rapid adoption and pathways of Bt cotton diffusion.
Key words: Innovation tree    Adoption    Bt cotton
收稿日期: 2016-05-30 出版日期: 2016-11-25
ZTFLH:  Q78  
基金资助:

国际农业生物技术应用服务组织资助项目（ISAAA， 29656）
通讯作者: 王晓兵,xbwang.ccap@pku.edu.cn     E-mail: xbwang.ccap@pku.edu.cn
服务　　
把本文推荐给朋友
加入引用管理器
E-mail Alert
RSS
作者相关文章　　
王晓兵
项诚
黄季焜

引用本文:

项诚, 王晓兵, 黄季焜. 转基因抗虫棉在中国的推广和传播途径研究[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2016, 36(11): 109-115.

XIANG Cheng, WANG Xiao bing, HUANG Ji kun. Adoption and Uptake Pathway of Bt Cotton by Chinese Smallholders. China Biotechnology, 2016, 36(11): 109-115.

链接本文:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/10.13523/j.cb.20161115    或    https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/Y2016/V36/I11/109

[1] 国家统计局. 中国统计年鉴. 北京:中国统计出版社, 2015. National Bureau of Statistics of Chinese. China Statistical Yearbook. Beijing:China Statistics Press, 2015.
[2] James C. Global status of commercialized Biotech/GM crops:2015. ISAAA Brief No 51. Ithaca, NY:ISAAA, 2015:9.
[3] Huang J, Rozelle S, Pray C, et al. Plant biotechnology in China. Science, 2002, 295(5555):674-676.
[4] Pray C E, Huang J K, Hu R F, et al. Five years of Bt cotton in China-the benefits continue. Plant Journal, 2002, 31(4):423-430.
[5] Liu E. Time to change what to sow:risk preferences and technology adoption decisions of cotton farmers in China. Review of Economics and Statistics, 2013, 95(4):1386-1403.
[6] Chen R, Huang J, Qiao F. Farmers' knowledge on pest management and pesticide use in Bt cotton production in China. China Economic Review, 2013, 27:15-24.
[7] Huang J, Chen R, Qiao F, et al. Biosafety management and pesticide use in China's Bt cotton production. China Economic Review, 2015, 33:67-75.
[8] Liu E M, Huang J. Risk preferences and pesticide use by cotton farmers in China. Journal of Development Economics, 2013, 103:202-215.
[9] Pemsl D, Waibel H, Gutierrez A P. Why do some Bt-cotton farmers in China continue to use high levels of pesticides. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 2005, 3(1):44-56.
[10] 黄季焜, 胡瑞法, 陈瑞剑,等. 转基因抗虫棉技术的发展和在中国的扩散. 见:转基因生物技术的经济影响:中国Bt抗虫棉10年. 北京:科学出版社, 2010:37-44. Huang J, Hu R, Chen R, et al. The Development of Bt Cotton in China. In:The Economic Impacts of Genetic Modification:Evidences from 10-year Bt Cotton Production in China. Beijing:Science Press, 2010:37-44.
[11] Van Mele P, Zakaria A K M. The innovation tree:new PRA tool to reveal socio-psychological factors influencing the innovation adoption process. PLA Notes, 2002, 45:54-58.
[12] Torres C S, Daya R A, Osalla M T B, et al. Adoption and uptake pathways of GM/Biothech crops by small-scale, resource-poor Filipino farmers. Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines:College of Development Communication, International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (ISAAA) SEAsiaCenter, and SEAMEO Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA), 2013.
[13] 黄季焜, 胡瑞法, 智华勇. 基层农业技术推广体系30年发展与改革:政策评估和建议. 农业技术经济, 2009,(1):4-11. Huang J, Hu R, Zhi H. The 30 years' development and reform for the grassroots agricultural technology extension system:Policy assessments and recommendations. Journal of Agrotechnical Economics, 2009,(1):4-11.
[14] 杨玉强, 刘军, 杨瑞宪,等. 转基因抗虫棉GK12的进一步纯合和选育. 农业科技通讯, 2006,(7):36. Yang Y, Liu J, Yang R, et al. Further homozygosis and selection of Bt cotton GK12. Bulletin of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2006,(7):36.
[15] Wang X, Xiang C, Huang J. Adoption and uptake pathway of GM technology by Chinese smallholders:evidence from Bt cotton production. Agbio Forum, 2015, 18(1):55-71.
[1] 孙彩霞, 汪莹, 吴晓菲, 陈利军, 武志杰. 转基因抗虫棉棉籽组分的代谢组学研究[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2012, 32(11): 35-41.
[2] 孙彩霞, 汪莹, 吴晓菲, 陈利军, 武志杰. 转基因抗虫棉棉籽组分的代谢组学研究[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2012, 32(11): 35-41.
[3] 陆媛. PROMEGA公司生物技术产业化发展历程[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 1993, 13(5): 13-15.
[4] 陈洪. “七五”攻关期间我国医药生物技术产品研究开发进展[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 1991, 11(5): 29-35.
[5] 夏麟培, 陈丙瑜. 碱性蛋白酶制粒[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 1990, 10(2): 28-31.
[6] 吴志纯. 成功与忧虑掺半——我国马铃薯无毒种薯推广的15年[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 1989, 9(5): 22-24.
[7] 张俊龙. 生物技术与我国农业发展[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 1989, 9(2): 32-35.
主管：中国科学院 　主办：中国科学院文献情报中心 　中国生物技术发展中心 　中国生物工程学会