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中国生物工程杂志

CHINA BIOTECHNOLOGY
中国生物工程杂志
中国生物工程杂志  2021, Vol. 41 Issue (1): 52-61    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2010028
综述     
里氏木霉产纤维素酶研究进展 *
徐晓1,程驰1,**(),袁凯2,薛闯1,2,**()
1 大连理工大学生物工程学院 大连市合成生物学应用转化工程技术研究中心 大连 116024
2 江苏华英顺昌生物科技有限公司 徐州 221427
Research Progress of Cellulase Production in Trichoderma reesei
XU Xiao1,CHENG Chi1,**(),YUAN Kai2,XUE Chuang1,2,**()
1 School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Engineering Research Center of Application and Transformation for Synthetic Biology, Dalian 116024, China
2 Jiangsu Huaying Shunchang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Xuzhou 221427, China
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摘要：

木质纤维素类生物质被认为是重要且可持续的可再生能源,其主要组成部分是纤维素。纤维素酶是一种能将纤维素分解为葡萄糖的复合酶,能有效地降解木质纤维素生物质。真菌、细菌、放线菌、酵母等多种微生物均可以产生纤维素酶,其中里氏木霉具有完整的纤维素酶系结构,常作为生物技术领域中一个重要菌株,广泛应用于纤维素酶的商业生产。介绍了纤维素酶的作用机理,综述了里氏木霉产纤维素酶的发展现状和研究进展,讨论了生产工艺(如培养条件及产酶诱导物等)对纤维素酶生产的影响,阐述了通过化学诱变及基因改造构建高产纤维素酶的里氏木霉的研究进展以及纤维素酶生产的主要瓶颈,以提供更经济的生产方案,将纤维素酶广泛应用于工业生产。
关键词： 里氏木霉;  纤维素酶;  诱导物;  基因改造    
Abstract:

Lignocellulosic biomass is considered an important and sustainable renewable energy source, which contains cellulose as the main component of lignocellulosic biomass. Cellulase is a group of enzymes that can decompose cellulose into glucose. Various microorganisms including fungi, bacteria, actinomycetes and yeasts are known to produce cellulase. Among them, Trichoderma reesei is one of the most widely used cellulolytic organisms that can produce a large amount of intact extracellular cellulase and hemicellulase to degrade lignocellulose. Therefore, T. reesei has become an important host microorganism for the production of commercial enzymes in the field of biotechnology. This article introduces the mechanism of cellulase, and summarizes the development status and the latest research progress of cellulase production by T. reesei. The influences of cellulase production technology including fermentation conditions and cellulase inducers, and the progress of different molecular strategies (such as mutagenesis and genetic modification) on constructing T. reesei with high cellulase-producing abilities were reviewed. In addition, the bottlenecks related to cellulase production are also discussed, in order to provide a more economical production process to widely apply cellulase in industrial production.
Key words: Trichoderma reesei    Cellulase    Inducer    Genetic modification
收稿日期: 2020-10-21 出版日期: 2021-02-09
ZTFLH:  Q819  
基金资助: * 国家自然科学基金(21878035);国家自然科学基金(21808026);中国博士后科学基金(2019M661100);国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1501703);兴辽英才计划(XLYC1807269)
通讯作者: 程驰,薛闯     E-mail: cheng.chi@dlut.edu.cn;xue.1@dlut.edu.cn
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徐晓, 程驰, 袁凯, 薛闯. 里氏木霉产纤维素酶研究进展 *[J]. 中国生物工程杂志, 2021, 41(1): 52-61.

XU Xiao, CHENG Chi, YUAN Kai, XUE Chuang. Research Progress of Cellulase Production in Trichoderma reesei. China Biotechnology, 2021, 41(1): 52-61.

链接本文:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/10.13523/j.cb.2010028    或    https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/CN/Y2021/V41/I1/52

图1  纤维素酶作用机制
Parental strain Gene manipulation Results Reference
T. reesei artificial transcription factor overexpression CMCase: 54.8 IU/(L·h)(increased by 12.8 times) [38]
T. reesei cre1 repression filter paper activity: 0.7 IU/mL(increased by 1.3 times)
endoglucanase activity: 3.7 IU/mL (increased by 1.8 times)
exoglucanase activity: 0.5 IU/mL(increased by 5.6 times)		 [34]
T. reesei xyr1 overexpression CMCase: 68.7 IU/mL(increased by 134%) [40]
T. reesei cbh1 heterelogous expression filter paper activity: 1.7 IU/mL(increased by 2.2 times)
CMCase: 7.5 IU/mL(increased by 1.9 times)
β-glucosidase activity: 1.4 IU/mL(increased by 3.3 times)		 [58]
T. reesei replacement of egl1 by ace1 CMCase: 10.7 IU/mL(increased by 90.0%) [59]
T. reesei β-Glucosidase gene heterelogous expression β-glucosidase activity: 34.3 IU/mL(increased by 6 to 8 times)
filter paper activity: 9.9 IU/mL (increased by 30%)		 [62]
T. reesei serine kinase gene deletion endoglucanase activity: 9.1 IU/mL(increased by 25%~30%) [63]
表1  里氏木霉中成功过表达/抑制表达的基因
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