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Advances of Engineered Live Biotherapeutics in Tumor Immunotherapy |
Chun-li HAN,Han-jie WANG*() |
School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecules,Tianjin 300072, China |
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Abstract Living organisms such as cells isolated from human body, bacteria, and viruses can be engineered as live biotherapeutics, which can maintain biological activity, self-replicate, and express genes in a patient’s body. Compared with traditional drugs, engineered live biotherapeutics maintain a relatively long-time curative effect in vivo, express genes as expected to achieve versatility and homeostasis control, and have unique targeting and response capabilities. In recent years, the application of engineered live biotherapeutics in tumor immunotherapy has received widespread attention. CAR-T and other cell therapies and oncolytic virus therapies have performed good clinical effects, and engineered bacteria are also developing rapidly in clinical and preclinical research. Among all the types of engineered live biotherapeutics, human cells, bacteria, and viruses have different characteristics. Therefore, their design purposes and ideas are different. With the progress of synthetic biology technologies, engineered live biotherapeutics will have better safety and efficacy, and bring new opportunities for tumor therapy. Herein, the latest developments of engineered live biotherapeutics for tumor immunotherapy are reviewed, and the synthetic biology design and immunotherapy mechanisms are expounded.
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Received: 01 April 2022
Published: 04 November 2022
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Corresponding Authors:
Han-jie WANG
E-mail: wanghj@tju.edu.cn
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