Please wait a minute...

中国生物工程杂志

China Biotechnology
China Biotechnology
China Biotechnology  2020, Vol. 40 Issue (9): 87-94    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2005017
    
Competitiveness Analysis and Enlightenment of Biomedical Industry in USA
YIN Zheng-qing1,*(),BAI Jing-yu2,LIN Xiao-feng2
1 College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083,China
2 Innovation Driven Development Center, National Development and Reform Commission, Beijing 100037,China
Download: HTML   PDF(2458KB) HTML
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      

Abstract  

Represented by the biomedical industry, the bio-industry is leading a new wave of technological industry revolution since mankind entered the era of bioeconomy. China’s strategic deployment for the biopharmaceutical industry has achieved significant results. However, it still has a large competitive gap compared with the powerhouses of biomedical industry such as the United States. The Porter’s diamond model is employed to construct a conceptual framework for the international competitiveness of the biomedical industry, taking the United States as an example to analyze its biomedical industry from six perspectives:(1)Factor conditions;(2) Enterprise structure and competition;(3) Demand conditions;(4)Related and supporting industries;(5)The role of government;(6) Development opportunities. Finally, related policy recommendations for China’s biomedical industry development are put forward,so as to provide policy reference for the development of China’s biomedical industry.

Key words： Biomedical industry      The United States of America      International competitiveness      The Porter’s Diamond Model      Policy recommendations     
Received: 11 May 2020      Published: 12 October 2020
ZTFLH:  R-1  
Corresponding Authors: Zheng-qing YIN     E-mail: yzq_cau@163.com
Service
E-mail this article
Add to my bookshelf
Add to citation manager
E-mail Alert
RSS
Articles by authors
Zheng-qing YIN
Jing-yu BAI
Xiao-feng LIN
Cite this article:

YIN Zheng-qing,BAI Jing-yu,LIN Xiao-feng. Competitiveness Analysis and Enlightenment of Biomedical Industry in USA. China Biotechnology, 2020, 40(9): 87-94.

URL:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/10.13523/j.cb.2005017     OR     https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/Y2020/V40/I9/87

Fig.1 Analysis framework of biomedical industry competitiveness based on Porter’s diamond model
排名 研发强度排名 创新力排名 市值排名
公司名称 国家 公司名称 国家 公司名称 国家
1 Incyte 美国 Foundation Medicine 美国 Amgen 美国
2 Vertex Pharma 美国 Arterys 美国 Novo Nordisk 丹麦
3 Celgene 美国 Alnylam 美国 CSL 澳大利亚
4 Bristol-Myers Squibb 美国 Flatiron Health 美国 Gilead Sciences 美国
5 UCB 比利时 Amgen 美国 Celgene 美国
6 AstraZeneca 英国 Viz.ai 美国 Allergan 爱尔兰
7 Merck 美国 Velano Vascular 美国 江苏恒瑞医药 中国
8 Daiichi Sankyo 日本 Berkeley Lights 美国 Biogen 美国
9 Eisai 日本 T2 Biosystems 美国 Vertex Pharmaceuticals 美国
10 Roche 瑞士 Catalog 美国 Amgen 美国
Table 1 Ranking of R&D intensity, innovation, and market value of global biomedical companies in 2019
Fig. 2 Employment situation of biomedical industry in US during 2010-2017 (a)Total job postings (b) Total technical job postings (c) Technical job postings degree requirements
Fig.3 US biomedical industry M&A amount in 2010-2019
Fig. 4 Number of new drugs approved by FDA in 1995-2019
[1]   石光, 刘芳瑜. 我国生物医药产业发展的现状与对策. 中国卫生政策研究, 2016,9(3):16-19.
[1]   Shi G, Liu F Y. The status quo and strategies on biotechnological medicine industry development in China. Chinese Journal of Health Policy, 2016,9(3):16-19.
[2]   Morrison C. 2019 biotech IPOs: Party on. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 2020,49(1):6-9.
[3]   郭中平. 生物药和生物类似药研究的现状与发展. 临床药物治疗杂志, 2020,18(5):1-6.
[3]   Guo Z P. Current situation and development in research on biotherapeutic and biosimilars. Clinical Medication Journal, 2020,18(5):1-6.
[4]   Hodgson J. Biotech’s baby boom. Nature Biotechnology, 2019,37(5):502-512.
doi: 10.1038/s41587-019-0112-4 pmid: 31053818
[5]   中华人民共和国科学技术部. 美国发布《国家生物经济蓝图》. [2020-06-14]. http://www.most.gov.cn/gnwkjdt/201206/t20120612_94963.htm.
[5]   Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China. . U.S. releases “National Bioeconomic Blueprint”. [2020-06-14]. http://www.most.gov.cn/gnwkjdt/201206/t20120612_94963.htm.
[6]   中华人民共和国国务院. “十三五”国家科技创新规划. [2020-06-14]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2016-08/08/content_5098072.htm.
[6]   State Council of the People’s Republic of China. National science and technology innovation plan of “the 13th Five-year Plan”. [2020-06-14]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2016-08/08/content_5098072.htm.
[7]   国家发展改革委. “十三五”生物产业发展规划. [2020-06-14]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/fggz/fzzlgh/gjjzxgh/201706/W020191104624250601539.pdf.
[7]   National Development and Reform Commission. Biological industry development plan of “the 13th Five-year Plan”. [2020-06-14]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/fggz/fzzlgh/gjjzxgh/201706/W020191104624250601539.pdf.
[8]   钱景怡, 余正. 我国生物制药产业国际竞争力分析. 中国药事, 2020,34(5):549-555.
[8]   Qian J Y, Yu Z. On the international competitiveness of China’s bio-pharmaceutical industry. Chinese Pharmaceutical Affairs, 2020,34(5):549-555.
[9]   Carlson R. Estimating the biotech sector’s contribution to the US economy. Nature Biotechnology, 2016,34(3):247-255.
pmid: 26963545
[10]   张金昌. 国际竞争力评价的理论和方法研究. 北京: 中国社会科学院研究生院, 2001.
[10]   Zhang J C. Research on the theory and method of international competitiveness evaluation. Beijing: Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, 2001.
[11]   Irfan M, Zhao Z Y, Ahmad M, et al. Critical factors influencing wind power industry: A Diamond Model based study of India. Energy Reports, 2019,5(1):1222-1235.
[12]   Fang K, Zhou Y H, Wang S, et al. Assessing national renewable energy competitiveness of the G20: A revised Porter’s Diamond Model. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018,93(1):719-731.
[13]   Chung T W. A study on logistics cluster competitiveness among Asia main countries using the Porter’s Diamond Model. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 2016,32(4):257-264.
[14]   Özer K O, Latif H, Sariisik M, et al. International competitive advantage of Turkish tourism industry: A comperative analyse of Turkey and Spain by using the Diamond Model of M. Porter. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2012,58(1):1064-1076.
[15]   迈克尔·波特. 国家竞争优势. 北京: 华夏出版社, 2002: 123-136.
[15]   Michael E P. Competitive advantage of nations. Beijing: Huaxia Publishing House, 2002: 123-136.
[16]   纪蕾, 李红艳, 王颖, 等. 基于钻石模型的山东省海洋生物医药产业竞争力分析. 渔业研究, 2019,41(5):430-440.
[16]   Ji L, Li H Y, Wang Y, et al. Research on the competitiveness of marine bio pharmaceutical industry in Shandong Province based on diamond model. Journal of Fisheries Research, 2019,41(5):430-440.
[17]   赵冰, 张东生, 赵拥政. 区域生物医药产业基于钻石模型的竞争力研究:以石家庄为例. 中国生物工程杂志, 2011,31(9):140-145.
[17]   Zhao B, Zhang D S, Zhao Y Z. Research on the competitiveness of regional biomedical industry:Taking Shijiazhuang as example. China Biotechnology, 2011,31(9):140-145.
[18]   Clarivate Analytics. Web of Science. [2020-06-14]. https://webofknowledge.com.
pmid: 26293960
[19]   朱修篁, 易香华, 薛芳芳, 等. 生物医药专利分布及趋势研究. 中国新药杂志, 2015,24(15):1686-1693.
[19]   Zhu X H, Yi X H, Xue F F, et al. Investigation and analysis of healthcare patents distribution and trend. Chinese Journal of New Drugs, 2015,24(15):1686-1693.
[20]   国家药品监督管理局. 全球药物研发数据库. [2020-06-10]. https://shuju.menet.com.cn.
[20]   National Medical Products Administration. Global drug R&D database. [2020-06-10]. https://shuju.menet.com.cn.
[21]   Crunchbase. Crunchbase. [2020-03-31]. https://www.crunchbase.com.
[22]   Graul A I, Pina P, Cruces E, et al. 2018年全球新药研发报告第1部分:新药和生物制剂(Ⅰ). 药学进展, 2019,41(4):309-317.
[22]   Graul A I, Pina P, Cruces E, et al. A report of new drugs research and development in 2018 Part I: New drugs & biologies (Ⅰ). Progress in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019,41(4):309-317.
[23]   Hernández H, Grassano N, Tübke A, et al. The 2019 EU industrial R&D investment scoreboard. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2019: 62.
[24]   Fast Company. The world’s 50 most innovative companies 2019. [2020-06-14]. https://www.fastcompany.com/most-innovative-companies/2019/sectors/biotech.
[25]   Fast Company. The world’s 50 most innovative companies 2018.[2020-06-14]. https://www.fastcompany.com/most-innovative-companies/2018/sectors/biotech.
[26]   Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News. Top 25 biotech companies of 2019. [2020-06-14]. https://www.genengnews.com/a-lists/top-25-biotech-companies-of-2019.
[27]   Quacquarelli Symonds. The QS World University Rankings. [2020-06-14] https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/university-subject-rankings/2020/biological-sciences.
[28]   Lindburg L, Bozinovic L, Susek R. As the life science industry evolves, so do its talent needs. Nature Biotechnology, 2019,37(4):481-483.
pmid: 30940939
[29]   黄玮. 生物医药产业风险投资模式研究. 上海: 复旦大学, 2006.
[29]   Huang W. Research on venture capital model of biomedical industry. Shanghai: Fudan University, 2006.
[30]   张佳睿. 美国生物医药产业发展的经验及启示. 商业研究, 2015,39(12):24-28.
[30]   Zhang J R. Development experience of American biomedical industry and its enlightenment. Commercial Research, 2015,39(12):24-28.
[31]   火石创造. 2019年全球生物医药领域十大风险投资事件. [2020-06-14]. https://med.sina.com/article_detail_103_2_76424.html.
[31]   Hsmap. Top 10 venture capital events in global biomedical field in 2019. [2020-06-14]. https://med.sina.com/article_detail_103_2_76424.html.
[32]   Ernst & Young. Beyond borders staying the course: Biotechnology report 2017. [2020-06-17]. http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/ey-biotechnology-report-2017-beyond-borders-staying-the-course/%24FILE/ey-biotechnology-report-2017-beyond-borders-staying-the-course.pdf.
[33]   郑晓奋. 美国生物技术产业集群创新及对我国的启示. 海南大学学报(人文社会科学版), 2011,29(3):50-54.
[33]   Zheng X F. The cluster innovation of American biotechnology industry and its enlightenment to China. Humanities & Social Sciences Journal of Hainan University, 2011,29(3):50-54.
[34]   张擎. 美国生物医药产业园区发展特点及启示. 中国高新区, 2011,11(4):111-113.
[34]   Zhang Q. Development characteristics and enlightenment of biomedical industrial park in the United States. Science & Technology Industry Parks, 2011,11(4):111-113.
[35]   JPMorgan. J. P. 2020 US Biotech Outlook. 38th Annual J.P. Morgan Healthcare Conference. San Francisco: JPMorgan, 2020: 73.
[36]   HBM Partners. HBM Pharma/Biotech M&A Report 2020 . [2020-06-14]. https://hbmpartners.com/media/docs/industry-reports/HBM-Pharma-Biotech-M-A-Report-2020.pdf.
[37]   Chen H M, Engkvist O, Wang Y H, et al. The rise of deep learning in drug discovery. Drug Discovery Today, 2018,23(6):1241-1250.
doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.01.039 pmid: 29366762
[38]   Zhang L, Tan J J, Han D, et al. From machine learning to deep learning: progress in machine intelligence for rational drug discovery. Drug Discovery Today, 2017,22(11):1680-1685.
pmid: 28881183
[39]   王秀梅. 生物材料. 新型工业化, 2015,5(12):37-68.
[39]   Wang X M. Biological material. The Journal of New Industrialization, 2015,5(12):37-68.
[40]   UN Comtrade. Commodity Trade Statistics Database. [2020-06-14]. https://comtrade.un.org.
[41]   World Bank. World Development Indicators.[ [2020-06-14]. http://databank.worldbank.org/data.
[42]   姚恒美. 美国生物医药产业发展态势. [2020-06-14]. http://www.istis.sh.cn/list/list.aspx?id=12372.
[42]   Yao H M. . Development trend of biomedical industry in the United States. [2020-06-14]. http://www.istis.sh.cn/list/list.aspx?id=12372.
[43]   王飞. 美国生物医药产业创新的升级规律及启示. 南京社会科学, 2019,30(8):29-35.
[43]   Wang F. Upgrading law and enlightenment of biomedical industry innovation in USA. Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences, 2019,30(8):29-35.
[44]   朱信凯, 涂圣伟, 杨顺江. 国际生物技术产业政策评论及对我国的启示. 中国软科学, 2005,20(11):18-23,76.
[44]   Zhu X K, Tu S W, Yang S J. Comment on the international biotechnology industry policy and the revelation for our country.
[45]   中华人民共和国中央人民政府. 新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎诊疗方案(试行第三版). [2020-03-30]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2020-01/23/5471832/files/106d59e45ac948ceb3cb12d400b8053c.pdf.
[45]   The Central People’s Government of the People’s Republic of China. Diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 (trial version third). [2020-03-30]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2020-01/23/5471832/files/106d59e45ac948ceb3cb12d400b8053c.pdf.
[46]   Ledford H. The coronavirus outbreak could make it quicker and easier to trial drugs. Nature, 2020,582(1):172.
[47]   Hodgson J. The pandemic pipeline. Nature Biotechnology, 2020,38(5):523-532.
pmid: 32203293
[1] HUANG Peng-fei,CHEN Yun,LU Jiao,MAO Kai-yun,YUAN Yin-chi. Development Situation and Suggestions of Biomedicine Patent-intensive Industry, Based on the Case Study of Shanghai[J]. China Biotechnology, 2020, 40(12): 108-116.
[2] PU Run, LI Ping-ping, SU Yue, ZHU Min, HUA Yu-tao. Development Statuses and Future Suggestions of Biomedical Parks in China[J]. China Biotechnology, 2015, 35(3): 104-106.
[3] ZHAO Bing, ZHANG Dong-sheng, ZHAO Yong-zheng. Research on The Competitiveness of Regional Biomedical Industry——Taking Shijiazhuang as Example[J]. China Biotechnology, 2011, 31(9): 140-145.
主管：中国科学院 　主办：中国科学院文献情报中心 　中国生物技术发展中心 　中国生物工程学会