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中国生物工程杂志

China Biotechnology
China Biotechnology  2020, Vol. 40 Issue (9): 28-35    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2005026
    
New Drug Delivery System: Delivery of Exosomes as Drug Carriers
WU You,XIN Lin()
Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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Abstract  

Exosomes are the substance that are released by most types of cells and have an important role in cell to cell communication. They also have great potential as a medicine delivery carrier, especially suitable for delivery of therapeutic drugs, such as proteins, nucleic acids and gene therapeutic agents due to the inherent long-distance communication capacity and excellent biocompatibility. Many studies show that exosome can efficiently deliver many different kinds of cargo to the target cell. Therefore, they are often used to deliver therapeutic cargo for treatment. As a result, the literature will introduce the advances and challenge facing exosomes as drug delivery systems, such as exosome isolation, drug loading and targeting therapy application, with the expectation of better delivering new ideas for the development of exosomal drug delivery systems.



Key wordsExosomes      Drug delivery      Targeted therapy     
Received: 14 May 2020      Published: 12 October 2020
ZTFLH:  Q819  
Corresponding Authors: Lin XIN     E-mail: xlyxbs@126.com
Cite this article:

WU You,XIN Lin. New Drug Delivery System: Delivery of Exosomes as Drug Carriers. China Biotechnology, 2020, 40(9): 28-35.

URL:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/10.13523/j.cb.2005026     OR     https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/Y2020/V40/I9/28

分离技术 具体方法 优势 缺陷 文献
超速离心 差速超速离心和密度梯度离心 金标准,获得高纯度的外泌体组分 对复杂体液提取不佳,沉淀其他囊泡、蛋白质或蛋白质-RNA聚集体,费时费力,依赖设备 [7-9]
基于尺寸大小的分离技术 超滤 操作简单、快速,设备成本低,便携性好 难以去除污染的蛋白质,影响外泌体囊泡结构 [9-10]
尺寸排阻色谱 更好的保留外泌体和其他分子完整性 需要施加重力流,较费时,回收效率不高 [11-12]
微流控技术 分离速率快,产量高,纯度好 缺乏标准化和大规模测试,目前仍处于研究阶段 [13-14]
聚合物沉淀 溶质溶解度或分散特性 使用方便,不需要专业设备,可扩展样本容量 杂蛋白质较多,难以去除聚合物,试剂昂贵 [15-16]
免疫亲和层析 免疫磁珠法 特异性高,纯度高,可收集表达特定分子的外泌体 回收效率低 [17-20]
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