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中国生物工程杂志

China Biotechnology
China Biotechnology
China Biotechnology  2021, Vol. 41 Issue (2/3): 107-115    DOI: 10.13523/j.cb.2009011
    
Advances in the Application of DNA Hydrogels to the Rapid Detection of Environmental Samples
LIAN Jiang-ru,MA Wei-fang()
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083,China
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Abstract  

As biological macromolecules to guide biological development and life function activities, DNA can also be used to construct nanomaterials. DNA hydrogels can be prepared with both DNA biological function and hydrogel characteristics and applied to the analysis and detection of environmental samples. Polymerase chain reaction, hybridization chain reaction, roll-ring amplification and DNA super-analysis self-assembly were compared and analyzed according to the method of preparing long DNA hydrogel chains. It is concluded that the single technology of DNA amplification cannot meet the experimental requirements, and the appropriate technology should be selected according to the experimental conditions. The synthesis principle and process of physical hydrogels and chemical hydrogels are introduced. Chemical gels are mainly based on DNA ligase or DNA terminal synthesis. The physical glue formation is mainly based on van der Waals force or hydrogen bond synthesis. Since physical hydrogels and chemical hydrogels are not sensitive to environmental changes, the synthesis process needs to be improved. By comparing and analyzing the characteristics of modification methods, the synthetic DNA hydrogel can respond quickly to environmental changes and be applied to environmental sample detection. In combination with the denaturation response characteristics of environmental sample concentration detection, the technical points and detection performance of colorimetric, fluorescence and electrochemical methods are analyzed. Colorimetric method uses color developing agent as a indicator signal. When the structure of hydrogel changes, the sample can be detected according to the color of the developing agent. Fluorescence analysis uses the color and intensity of fluorescence to detect the sample qualitatively or quantitatively. Electrochemical analysis uses electrical signals such as resistance and current to detect samples quickly. Compared with the large instrument analysis method, these methods have the characteristics of low detection limit, wide detection range, fast detection time and low sample cost, etc. It is a convenient and fast method with a wide application prospect. Finally, the performance and economy of detection are evaluated, and its application prospect is summarized and prospected.

Key words： DNA hydrogel      Synthesis and modification      Rapid sample testing     
Received: 05 September 2020      Published: 08 April 2021
ZTFLH:  Q819  
Corresponding Authors: Wei-fang MA     E-mail: mpeggy@163.com
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Jiang-ru LIAN
Wei-fang MA
Cite this article:

LIAN Jiang-ru,MA Wei-fang. Advances in the Application of DNA Hydrogels to the Rapid Detection of Environmental Samples. China Biotechnology, 2021, 41(2/3): 107-115.

URL:

https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/10.13523/j.cb.2009011     OR     https://manu60.magtech.com.cn/biotech/Y2021/V41/I2/3/107

Fig.1 DNA hydrogel before and after cutting
Fig.2 DNA hydrogel colorimetric sensor
Fig.3 Monomer structure of DNA hydrogel
Fig.4 Hydrogels formed in physical form
检测介质 方法 检测物质 检出限 参考文献
水样 高灵敏纳米生物传感技术 铅离子 0.61nmol/L [31]
水样复杂样品 DNA水凝胶集成的微流控纸芯片 铅离子 200nmol/L [32]
水样 原子荧光法 总铅 70ng/L [33]
Table 1 Detection of Pb using different methods
检测介质 汞离子添加浓度(nmol/L) DAN水凝胶检测结果(nmol/L) 原子荧光法检测结果(nmol/L)
河水 0 0 0.049±0.01
河水 10 10.34±0.37 10.10±0.09
自来水 0 0 0.022±0.00
自来水 10 9.89±0.17 10.02±0.02
饮用水 0 0 0
饮用水 10 10.27±0.19 9.95±0.02
Table 2 Detection of Hg2+ in DNA hydrogel and AFS
检测介质 方法 检测物质 检出限 检出时间 参考文献
水样 高灵敏纳米生物传感技术 汞离子 1.54nmol/L - [28]
饮用水样 DNA水凝胶 铜离子 10μmol/L 1.5h [26]
样品溶液 DNA杂合水凝胶 金属离子 1nmol/L以下 - [34]
水样复杂样品 DNA水凝胶集成的微流控纸芯片 可卡因、腺苷 50μmol/L
100μmol/L		 6min [32]
废水溶液 石墨烯水凝胶检测 土霉素 50μg/L 15min [35]
水样 DNA水凝胶比色法 黄曲霉毒素B1 0.25μmol/L - [36]
水样 DNA水凝胶比色法 可卡因 1nmol/L - [37]
水样 DNA水凝胶微流控芯片 铀酰离子 100nmol/L - [38]
Table 3 Comparison of different hydrogel detection methods
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[1] CHENG Ping,ZHANG Yang-zi,MA Xuan,CHEN Xu,ZHU Bao-qing,XU Wen-tao. Properties and Applications of Stimuli-Responsive DNA Hydrogels[J]. China Biotechnology, 2020, 40(3): 132-143.
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